In-band Network Telemetry (INT) enables hop-by-hop device-internal state exposure for maintaining and troubleshooting data center networks. To achieve network-wide telemetry coverage, orchestration on top of the INT primitive is required. A straightforward solution would flood the network with INT probe packets for maximum measurement coverage, which leads to a huge bandwidth overhead. A refined solution leverages the SDN controller to collect the network topology information and carry out centralized probing path planning, which, however, is inefficient in reacting to topology changes. To tackle the above problems, we propose INT-label , a Lightweight In-band Network-Wide Telemetry architecture via the Distributed Labeling approach. INT-label periodically labels the sampled packets with device-internal states. It is cost-effective with a minor bandwidth overhead and able to seamlessly adapt to topology changes. In order to reduce the number of labeled packets, we introduce a times-based probabilistic labeling algorithm, which allows fewer packets to carry more INT information than the interval-based algorithm. In addition, to counteract the degradation of telemetry resolution due to loss of labeled packets, we design a feedback mechanism which can adaptively change the instant labeling frequency. We provide theoretical proof that INT-label can achieve network-wide telemetry. We analyze the impact of transmission delay on coverage rate and labeling times distribution under the INT-label architecture. Evaluation on software P4 switches suggests that INT-label can achieve 99.72% measurement coverage under the labeling frequency of 20 times per second. With the adaptive labeling enabled, even if 60% of the packets are lost, the coverage can still reach 92%.

中文翻译：

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INT-Label：通过分布式标签进行轻量级带内网络范围遥测

带内网络遥测 (INT) 可实现逐跳设备内部状态暴露，以维护数据中心网络并进行故障排除。实现网络范围的遥测覆盖范围，需要在 INT 原语之上进行编排。一个简单的解决方案是用 INT 探测数据包淹没网络，以实现最大测量覆盖范围，但这会导致巨大的带宽开销。精细化的解决方案利用SDN控制器收集网络拓扑信息并进行集中的探测路径规划，但对拓扑变化的反应效率较低。针对以上问题，我们建议INT-label，一种通过分布式标签方法实现的轻量级带内网络范围遥测架构。INT-label 定期用设备内部状态标记采样的数据包。它具有成本效益，带宽开销较小，并且能够无缝适应拓扑变化。为了减少标记数据包的数量，我们引入了基于时间的概率标记算法，与基于间隔的算法相比，该算法允许更少的数据包携带更多的INT信息。此外，为了抵消由于标记数据包丢失而导致的遥测分辨率下降，我们设计了一种反馈机制，可以自适应地改变即时标记频率。我们提供了理论证明，证明 INT-label 可以实现全网遥测。我们分析了 INT-label 架构下传输延迟对覆盖率和标记次数分布的影响。对软件P4开关的评估表明，INT-label在每秒20次的标记频率下可以实现99.72%的测量覆盖率。启用自适应标签后，即使有60%的数据包丢失，覆盖率仍可达到92%。