Anhedonia, or diminished pleasure and motivation, is a symptom of severe mental illness (e.g., depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia) that emerges during adolescence. Anhedonia is a pernicious symptom that is related to social impairments, treatment resistance, and suicide. As the mechanisms of anhedonia are postulated to include the frontostriatal circuitry and the dopamine neuromodulatory system, the development and plasticity of these systems during the vulnerable period of adolescence, as well as their sensitivity to pubertal hormones, suggest that pubertal maturation could play a role in the development of anhedonia. This review takes a developmental perspective, considering the possibility that anhedonia emerges in the context of pubertal maturation and adolescent development, with childhood adversity and chronic inflammation influencing neural reward systems to accelerate anhedonia's progression. Here, we review the relevant extant literature on the components of this model and suggest directions for future research.

中文翻译：

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年度研究回顾：青春期和快感缺失的发展——考虑童年逆境和炎症

快感缺乏，或者说快乐和动力减少，是青春期出现的严重精神疾病（例如抑郁症、双相情感障碍、精神分裂症）的症状。快感缺失是一种恶性症状，与社交障碍、治疗抵抗和自杀有关。由于快感缺乏的机制被认为包括额纹状体回路和多巴胺神经调节系统，这些系统在青春期脆弱时期的发育和可塑性，以及它们对青春期激素的敏感性，表明青春期成熟可能在快感缺失的发展。本综述从发展的角度出发，考虑了快感缺乏在青春期成熟和青少年发展的背景下出现的可能性，童年时期的逆境和慢性炎症影响神经奖励系统，加速快感缺乏的进展。在这里，我们回顾了有关该模型组成部分的相关现有文献，并提出了未来研究的方向。