Despite being touted as a game-changing technology, studies on the influence of body-worn cameras (BWCs) on policing outcomes have produced mixed results, with the underlying reasons for such findings unclear. Drawing on the sociology of culture and organizational theory, we argue that BWCs often have mixed impacts due to deeply ingrained, valued occupational assumptions and practices shaped by the structural and organizational context. These assumptions and practices, collectively known as the police métier, are not politically neutral and can lead to motivated decisions rather than accurate ones. We suggest that such motivated reasoning can be mitigated by changing the structural or organizational context, such as establishing a citizen oversight agency (COA), which could decrease racial disparities in policing outcomes. To test these arguments, we examined the impact of BWCs on racial disparities in two types of policing outcomes: police homicides of citizens and disorderly conduct arrests (DCAs). Our findings indicate that while the adoption of BWCs does not impact racial disparities in DCAs or police homicides of citizens, there is a significant decrease in racial disparity in DCAs when BWCs and COAs are used in conjunction. Additionally, while the racial disparity in police homicides of Blacks and Whites does not decrease when BWCs and COAs are used together, there is an overall decrease in police homicides across both racial groups. Overall, our study demonstrates that technology's impact on bureaucratic performance is influenced by occupational assumptions and practices, which can be altered by external accountability mechanisms such as COAs.

中文翻译：

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绩效信息的使用和外部问责：公民监督在减轻对随身摄像头证据的动机评估中的作用

尽管被吹捧为一项改变游戏规则的技术，但关于执法记录仪 (BWC) 对警务结果影响的研究却产生了好坏参半的结果，而且这些发现的根本原因尚不清楚。借鉴文化社会学和组织理论，我们认为，由于结构和组织环境所塑造的根深蒂固、有价值的休闲假设和实践，生物武器公约往往会产生复杂的影响。这些假设和做法统称为警察职业，在政治上并不中立，可能会导致有动机的决策，而不是准确的决策。我们建议，可以通过改变结构或组织环境来缓解这种动机推理，例如建立公民监督机构（COA），这可以减少警务结果中的种族差异。为了检验这些论点，我们研究了《生物武器公约》对两类警务结果中种族差异的影响：警察杀害公民和扰乱治安逮捕 (DCA)。我们的研究结果表明，虽然《生物武器公约》的采用不会影响 DCA 中的种族差异或警察杀害公民的情况，但当 BWC 和 COA 结合使用时，DCA 中的种族差异会显着减少。此外，虽然当 BWC 和 COA 一起使用时，黑人和白人警察杀人事件的种族差异并没有减少，但两个种族群体的警察杀人事件总体有所减少。总体而言，我们的研究表明，技术对官僚绩效的影响受到职业假设和实践的影响，而职业假设和实践可以通过 COA 等外部问责机制来改变。