The gradual shift in power relations between organized employers and employees since the 1970s has increasingly affected the functioning of national industrial relations systems. According to a broad literature, the most important of these consequences is an increase in employer discretion. This article tests this claim by performing a longitudinal content analysis on three Dutch collective contracts. It develops an analytical framework based on four dimensions of employer discretion. Results show that although employer discretion did increase on all four dimensions between the mid-1970s and the 2020s, significant temporal and sectoral variation has occurred. In addition, the article argues that a loss of democratic influence by employees intensified the increase of the one-sided decision-making powers of employers, and that the collective contract is being transformed from a joint labor–capital effort to solve workplace problems to a management instrument.

中文翻译：

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雇主自由裁量权：集体协议在劳资关系自由化中的作用

自 20 世纪 70 年代以来，有组织的雇主和雇员之间权力关系的逐渐转变日益影响国家劳资关系体系的运作。根据大量文献，这些后果中最重要的是雇主自由裁量权的增加。本文通过对三份荷兰集体合同进行纵向内容分析来检验这一说法。它开发了一个基于雇主自由裁量权四个维度的分析框架。结果显示，尽管从 20 世纪 70 年代中期到 2020 年代，雇主的自由裁量权确实在所有四个维度上都有所增加，但仍出现了显着的时间和部门差异。此外，文章认为，职工民主影响力的丧失加剧了用人单位单方面决策权的增加，集体合同正在从劳资共同解决职场问题转变为集体合同。管理手段。