Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) studies in rural populations are limited. The incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) is higher in patients with PAD. This study examined the association between sociodemographic and clinical risk factors and MI in patients with PAD in Central Appalachia, comprising of 230 counties across six states in the United States. Data from electronic medical records of 13,455 patients with PAD were extracted from a large health system in Central Appalachia. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted. The final sample consisted of 5574 patients with PAD, of whom 24.85% were also diagnosed with MI. The mean age was 71 ± 11.23 years, and the majority were male (56.40%). After adjusting for confounders, patients with hypertension had three times higher odds of MI (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 3.21; 95% CI: 2.50–4.14) compared with those without hypertension. The likelihood of MI increased by 51% among patients with diabetes (aOR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.33–1.71), 34% among ever-smokers (aOR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.18–1.52), and 45% in males (aOR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.27–1.65). Hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and male sex were identified as significant risk factors for MI. Screening and effective management of these risk factors in rural areas could potentially prevent MI incidence among patients with PAD.

中文翻译：

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农村周围动脉疾病人群心肌梗死的相关因素

农村人口的外周动脉疾病（PAD）研究有限。PAD 患者心肌梗死 (MI) 的发生率较高。这项研究调查了阿巴拉契亚中部地区（由美国 6 个州的 230 个县组成）的 PAD 患者的社会人口统计学和临床​​危险因素与 MI 之间的关联。13,455 名 PAD 患者的电子病历数据是从阿巴拉契亚中部的一个大型卫生系统中提取的。进行了双变量和逻辑回归分析。最终样本包括 5574 名 PAD 患者，其中 24.85% 也被诊断为 MI。平均年龄为71±11.23岁，大多数为男性（56.40%）。调整混杂因素后，与非高血压患者相比，高血压患者发生 MI 的几率高出三倍（调整后优势比 [aOR] = 3.21；95% CI：2.50–4.14）。糖尿病患者发生心肌梗死的可能性增加 51%（aOR = 1.51；95% CI：1.33–1.71），曾经吸烟者增加 34%（aOR = 1.34；95% CI：1.18–1.52），吸烟者增加 45%。男性（aOR = 1.45；95% CI：1.27–1.65）。高血压、糖尿病、吸烟和男性被认为是心肌梗死的重要危险因素。在农村地区筛查和有效管理这些危险因素可能会预防 PAD 患者发生心肌梗死。