Adult attachment orientations can influence emotion regulation. Such influence on the tendency to employ two strategies, cognitive reappraisal (which aims to modify emotional experiences) and expressive suppression (which inhibits emotional expression) and later symptoms is understudied. This longitudinal study evaluated indirect associations between adult attachment orientations—with a focus on the dimension of security—and transdiagnostic anxiety and depression symptoms (General Distress; GD) through reappraisal and suppression. Correlational analyses examined cross-sectional associations among constructs across four timepoints. A cross-lagged panel model was fit to examine prospective hypotheses using 30-month longitudinal data from young adults ( N = 270 at baseline). Correlational evidence provided support for expected cross-sectional associations. In prospective analyses, there was a significant unique effect of attachment-related avoidance on expressive suppression such that higher attachment-related avoidance predicted higher use of subsequent expressive suppression. There were significant unique effects of emotion regulation on symptoms such that higher reappraisal predicted lower subsequent GD and higher suppression predicted higher subsequent GD. There was no evidence for significant direct or indirect effects of attachment orientations on GD. Results suggest that adult attachment orientation may inform how one expresses emotions in the future, and how one regulates emotions may inform subsequent shared symptoms of depression and anxiety. There was no evidence that attachment orientations informed future transdiagnostic symptoms of depression and anxiety.

中文翻译：

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成人依恋取向、情绪调节倾向以及年轻人的跨诊断焦虑和抑郁症状之间的纵向关联

成人依恋取向会影响情绪调节。这种对采用认知重评（旨在改变情绪体验）和表达抑制（抑制情绪表达）这两种策略的倾向以及后来的症状的影响尚未得到充分研究。这项纵向研究通过重新评估和抑制，评估了成人依恋取向（重点关注安全维度）与跨诊断焦虑和抑郁症状（一般性痛苦；GD）之间的间接关联。相关分析检查了四个时间点构建体之间的横截面关联。交叉滞后面板模型适合使用年轻人的 30 个月纵向数据（基线时 N = 270）检验前瞻性假设。相关证据为预期的横截面关联提供了支持。在前瞻性分析中，依恋相关的回避对表达抑制有显着的独特影响，因此较高的依恋相关回避预示着随后的表达抑制的更多使用。情绪调节对症状有显着的独特影响，较高的重新评估预示较低的后续 GD，较高的抑制预示较高的后续 GD。没有证据表明依恋方向对 GD 有显着的直接或间接影响。结果表明，成人依恋取向可能会影响一个人未来如何表达情绪，而一个人如何调节情绪可能会影响随后出现的抑郁和焦虑症状。没有证据表明依恋取向会影响未来抑郁和焦虑的跨诊断症状。