This paper reviews the literature on cognitive and neurodiversity in groups as they relate to group processes, emergent states, and outcomes. We build on a taxonomy of convergent and divergent process gains and losses in groups, put forward an integrative framework for the empirical research results, and distinguish between cognitive and neurodiversity as horizontal and vertical differentiation in groups. We argue that when conceptualized as vertical differentiation, cognitive and neurodiversity trigger convergent and divergent process losses, whereas when conceptualized as horizontal differentiation, they chiefly trigger convergent and divergent process gains. Building on this framework, we identify directions for future research on cognitive and neurodiversity in groups.

中文翻译：

---

群体的认知和神经多样性：系统和综合回顾

本文回顾了有关群体认知和神经多样性的文献，因为它们与群体过程、紧急状态和结果有关。我们建立了群体趋同和发散过程得失的分类法，为实证研究结果提出了一个综合框架，并将认知和神经多样性区分为群体的水平和垂直分化。我们认为，当概念化为垂直分化时，认知和神经多样性会引发趋同和发散过程损失，而当概念化为水平分化时，它们主要引发趋同和发散过程增益。在此框架的基础上，我们确定了群体认知和神经多样性的未来研究方向。