Adiponectin, an adipose-derived hormone, plays a pivotal role in glucose regulation and lipid metabolism, with a decrease in circulating adiponectin levels being linked to insulin resistance and prediabetes. This review examines the therapeutic potential of adiponectin in managing prediabetes, elucidating on multiple aspects including its role in glucose and lipid metabolism, influence on insulin sensitivity, and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the paper highlights the latest strategies to augment adiponectin levels, such as gene therapy, pharmacological interventions, dietary modifications, and lifestyle changes. It also addresses the challenges encountered in translating preclinical findings into clinical practice, primarily related to drug delivery, safety, and efficacy. Lastly, the review proposes future directions, underlining the need for large-scale human trials, novel adiponectin analogs, and personalized treatment strategies to harness adiponectin’s full therapeutic potential in preventing the transition from prediabetes to diabetes.

中文翻译：

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脂联素在糖尿病前期的治疗潜力：策略、挑战和未来方向

脂联素是一种脂肪源性激素，在葡萄糖调节和脂质代谢中发挥着关键作用，循环脂联素水平的降低与胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病前期有关。本综述探讨了脂联素在管理糖尿病前期的治疗潜力，从多个方面阐明了脂联素在葡萄糖和脂质代谢中的作用、对胰岛素敏感性的影响和抗炎特性。此外，本文还重点介绍了提高脂联素水平的最新策略，例如基因治疗、药物干预、饮食调整和生活方式改变。它还解决了将临床前发现转化为临床实践时遇到的挑战，主要与药物输送、安全性和有效性有关。最后，该综述提出了未来的方向，强调需要进行大规模人体试验、新型脂联素类似物和个性化治疗策略，以充分利用脂联素在预防糖尿病前期向糖尿病转变方面的全部治疗潜力。