Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate: (1) whether self-reported acute alcohol-related consequences among adolescents in the Nordic countries have declined in concert with the decline in alcohol consumption; (2) whether the relationship between alcohol consumption and alcohol-related consequences has strengthened; and (3) whether the decline in alcohol-related consequences can be attributed to the decline in alcohol consumption. Methods: Data are from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) cross-sectional surveys in 2007, 2011 and 2015. Participants were students aged 15–16 years in 2007 (n = 16,035), 2011 (n = 14,765) and 2015 (n = 13,517). Alcohol consumption variables included lifetime and 12-month alcohol use, volume ethanol at last drinking occasion and heavy episodic drinking in the past 30 days. Self-reported acute alcohol-related consequences were measured as a sum index of experiencing the following at least once within the last 12 months: (1) an accident or injury; (2) being victimised by robbery or theft; or (3) had trouble with the police. Results: For all alcohol indicators, adolescent alcohol use decreased between 2007 and 2015. The highest prevalence estimates were found in Denmark, and here only the number of current drinkers decreased significantly. In addition, a decreasing trend in self-reported acute alcohol-related consequences was observed. We did not find a strengthening of the alcohol consumption consequences association from 2007 to 2015, except in Iceland. When all surveys were combined, the decrease in alcohol-related consequences could be explained by a decrease in alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Overall, adolescents aged 15–16 years exhibited decreasing trends in both alcohol consumption, less markedly in Denmark, and in our sum index of alcohol-related consequences between 2007 and 2015. Except for Iceland, we found no support for a strengthening of the alcohol-consequences association with declining drinking among adolescents.

中文翻译：

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北欧国家青少年饮酒量下降对酒精相关后果的影响：基于 ESPAD 项目数据的研究

目的：本研究的目的是调查：（1）北欧国家青少年自我报告的急性酒精相关后果是否随着酒精消费量的下降而下降；(2)饮酒与酒精相关后果之间的关系是否加强；（3）酒精相关后果的减少是否可以归因于酒精消费量的减少。方法：数据来自欧洲学校酒精和其他药物调查项目 (ESPAD) 2007 年、2011 年和 2015 年的横断面调查。参与者为 2007 年 (n = 16,035)、2011 年 (n = 14,765) 15-16 岁的学生）和 2015 年（n = 13,517）。酒精消费变量包括终生和 12 个月的饮酒量、最后一次饮酒的乙醇量以及过去 30 天内的大量饮酒情况。自我报告的急性酒精相关后果以过去 12 个月内至少经历一次以下事件的总指数来衡量：(1) 事故或伤害；（二）遭受抢劫、盗窃的；(3) 与警察发生纠纷。结果：对于所有酒精指标，2007 年至 2015 年间青少年饮酒量均有所下降。丹麦的患病率估计值最高，这里只有当前饮酒者的数量显着下降。此外，还观察到自我报告的急性酒精相关后果呈下降趋势。除冰岛外，我们没有发现 2007 年至 2015 年期间酒精消费后果关联有所加强。当所有调查结合起来时，酒精相关后果的减少可以用酒精消费量的减少来解释。结论：总体而言，2007 年至 2015 年间，15-16 岁青少年的酒精消费量和酒精相关后果总指数都呈现出下降趋势（丹麦不太明显）。除冰岛外，我们没有发现任何支持加强酒精消费的证据。酒精后果与青少年饮酒量下降的关系。