This paper analyzes the work of the powerful migrant rights organization Migrant Justice, as they exemplify ways in which migrant activists in the U.S. today are challenging the socio-political confines of bordered state territory and are pushing the landscape of rights access in new directions. This work utilizes a year-long ethnography conducted with Migrant Justice as they faced intense targeting and surveillance from immigration authorities, including the use of a covert informant, in response to their successful labor and human rights organizing in the state of Vermont. This work in particular details Migrant Justice’s First Amendment rights lawsuit against the federal government in response to this targeting. Here, Migrant Justice directly challenged the federal government in a groundbreaking lawsuit that saw federal immigration authorities forced to acknowledge constitutional rights for undocumented migrant activists. In this confluence of opposing forces, we of course see egregious abuses against migrant actors, but we also see exemplifications of new and progressively powerful forms of resistance that are posing a specific challenge to the state’s bordered and territorially based limitations on human and civil rights. This work utilizes Stuart Elden’s conception of territory—as a process and a praxis of control—to understand migrant resistance to state-sanctioned exclusion and exploitation and the ways in which these challenges to state power are creating new spaces for political belonging. An analysis in this way allows us to see the work of Migrant Justice as that which increasingly deterritorializes relationships between residents and state power—an undoing of spatial limitations on rights and belonging. Throughout this work, the concept of deterritorialization as a form of migrant resistance is unpacked and defined to understand the full potentials of migrant activism today.

中文翻译：

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领土、权利和移民正义：未记录的第一修正案权利，或权利获取的非领土化

本文分析了强大的移民权利组织“移民正义”的工作，因为它们体现了当今美国的移民活动人士正在挑战边境国家领土的社会政治限制，并将权利获取格局推向新的方向。这项工作利用了与移民司法机构一起进行的为期一年的民族志研究，因为他们面临着移民当局的严格目标和监视，包括使用秘密线人，以回应他们在佛蒙特州成功组织劳工和人权活动。这项工作特别详细介绍了移民法官针对这一目标针对联邦政府的第一修正案权利诉讼。在这里，移民正义在一场开创性的诉讼中直接挑战联邦政府，联邦移民当局被迫承认无证移民活动人士的宪法权利。在这种对立力量的汇合中，我们当然看到了对移民行为者的严重虐待，但我们也看到了新的、日益强大的抵抗形式的例子，这些抵抗形式对国家对人权和公民权利的边界和领土限制提出了具体的挑战。这项工作利用斯图尔特·埃尔登的领土概念——作为一个过程和一种控制实践——来理解移民对国家批准的排斥和剥削的抵抗，以及这些对国家权力的挑战如何为政治归属创造新的空间。通过这种方式的分析，我们可以将移民正义的工作视为日益去域化居民与国家权力之间关系的工作——消除权利和归属的空间限制。在整个工作中，解域化的概念作为移民抵抗的一种形式被解析和定义，以理解当今移民激进主义的全部潜力。