Recent developments in tree-ring research offer great potential for reconstructing past climate changes; determining the frequencies of natural hazards; and assessing the availability of freshwater resources over timescales that extend well into the pre-instrumental period. Here, we review the state of dendrochronological research in the Himalaya and outline future directions for tree-ring-based hydrological reconstructions in a region that has a pressing societal need to understand the causes and consequences of past, present and future changes in the hydrological cycle. We used ‘tree ring’ and ‘Himalaya’ as keywords to identify scholarly articles from the Web of Science that were published between 1994 and 2022. The resulting 173 publications were separated by their spatial coverage into the western, central and eastern Himalaya, as well as their scientific purpose (e.g. reconstructing growth-climate relationships, temperature, precipitation, streamflow, floods, droughts, etc.). Our analysis shows that dendrochronological research in the Himalaya primarily focused on understanding growth-climate relationships using annual tree-ring widths measurements obtained for coniferous species, and their application in climate reconstructions. Reconstructions of hydrological processes such as streamflows, and extremes such as glacial and landslide lake outburst floods, have received less attention. Recent advances in dendrochronology, including blue intensity (BI), quantitative wood anatomy (QWA), and tree-ring stable isotopes (TRSI) should be combined to improve the resolution and accuracy of hydrological reconstructions in all parts of the Himalaya. Such studies may allow us to better understand the effects of climate change and the Himalayan water resources for its lowland surroundings. They may also facilitate decision-making processes for mitigating the impacts of climate change on natural hazards, and for better managing water resources in the region.

中文翻译：

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喜马拉雅山树木年轮水文研究：现状和未来方向

树木年轮研究的最新进展为重建过去的气候变化提供了巨大的潜力；确定自然灾害的频率；评估淡水资源在整个时间尺度上的可用性，该时间尺度一直延伸到仪器仪表使用前的时期。在这里，我们回顾了喜马拉雅山的树木年代学研究状况，并概述了该地区基于树木年轮的水文重建的未来方向，该地区迫切需要了解过去、现在和未来水文循环变化的原因和后果。我们使用“树木年轮”和“喜马拉雅”作为关键词来识别 Web of Science 中 1994 年至 2022 年间发表的学术文章。最终的 173 篇出版物按其空间覆盖范围划分为喜马拉雅西部、中部和东部。作为其科学目的（例如重建生长与气候关系、温度、降水、水流、洪水、干旱等）。我们的分析表明，喜马拉雅山的树木年代学研究主要集中于利用针叶树种的年度树木年轮宽度测量值来了解生长与气候的关系，及其在气候重建中的应用。水文过程（例如水流）的重建以及冰川和山体滑坡湖泊溃决洪水等极端情况的重建受到的关注较少。树木年代学的最新进展，包括蓝色强度（BI）、定量木材解剖学（QWA）和树木年轮稳定同位素（TRSI）应结合起来，以提高喜马拉雅山所有地区水文重建的分辨率和准确性。此类研究可以让我们更好地了解气候变化和喜马拉雅水资源对其低地环境的影响。它们还可以促进决策过程，以减轻气候变化对自然灾害的影响，并更好地管理该地区的水资源。