Introduction and ImportanceLong-term mechanical complications after inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement include embedded or tilted filters, erosion of the vena cava, filter thrombosis. In the setting of caval thrombosis, patients may subsequently develop venous hypertension and post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). Here we present three unique cases of IVC filter complications and surgical management.Case PresentationA 30-year-old female presented with acute abdominal pain, revealing a duodenal perforation caused by an IVC filter eroding into her duodenum. A 42-year-old female with an IVC filter in place for 20 years due to a prior pulmonary embolism underwent laser-assisted retrieval of the filter due to concerns of caval adherence. A 48-year-old male with a history of DVT, venous stasis ulcer, and an IVC filter presented for filter retrieval.Clinical Findings and InvestigationsThe surgical techniques described in this report include complicated IVC filter retrieval, performed in cases of filter complications including migration, fracture, duodenal perforation and IVC thrombosis resulting in PTS. One case, requiring open retrieval, is explained and the surgical technique is provided. There are images and videos of these procedures to enrich the learning experience.Intervention and OutcomesThe surgical techniques described in this report include complicated inferior vena cava filter retrieval, performed in cases of filter complications including migration, fracture, duodenal perforation and IVC thrombosis. One case, requiring open retrieval, is explained and the surgical technique is provided. There are images and videos of these procedures to enrich the learning experience.Relevance and ImpactEndovascular retrieval of long-term complicated IVC filters is challenging, but it can be a safely performed in many patients. However, open surgery may be necessary in selected patients.

中文翻译：

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下腔静脉滤器的长期并发症和修复技术：病例系列和文献综述

简介和重要性下腔静脉 (IVC) 滤器放置后的长期机械并发症包括滤器嵌入或倾斜、腔静脉侵蚀、滤器血栓形成。在腔静脉血栓形成的情况下，患者可能随后出现静脉高压和血栓后综合征（PTS）。在这里，我们介绍三个独特的 IVC 过滤器并发症和手术治疗病例。 病例介绍 一名 30 岁女性出现急性腹痛，显示因 IVC 过滤器侵蚀十二指肠而导致十二指肠穿孔。一名 42 岁女性，因既往肺栓塞而使用 IVC 过滤器 20 年，由于担心腔静脉粘连，她接受了激光辅助回收过滤器。一名 48 岁男性，有 DVT、静脉淤滞性溃疡病史，并接受 IVC 过滤器回收。临床发现和调查本报告中描述的手术技术包括复杂的 IVC 过滤器回收，在过滤器并发症（包括迁移）的情况下进行、骨折、十二指肠穿孔和 IVC 血栓导致 PTS。解释了一个需要开放性取出的病例并提供了手术技术。这些手术的图像和视频可以丰富学习经验。干预和结果本报告中描述的手术技术包括复杂的下腔静脉滤器检索，在过滤器并发症（包括移位、骨折、十二指肠穿孔和下腔静脉血栓形成）的情况下进行。解释了一个需要开放性取出的病例并提供了手术技术。这些手术的图像和视频可以丰富学习体验。相关性和影响长期复杂的 IVC 过滤器的血管内检索具有挑战性，但对许多患者来说可以安全地进行。然而，某些患者可能需要进行开放手术。