Objective:This study investigated subfactors of cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS; previously referred as sluggish cognitive tempo) among adults referred for neuropsychological evaluation of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Method:Retrospective analyses of data from 164 outpatient neuropsychological evaluations examined associations between CDS subfactors and self-reported psychological symptoms and cognitive performance.Results:Factor analysis produced two distinct but positively correlated constructs: “Cognitive Complaints’’ and “Lethargy.” Both correlated positively with symptom reports (rs = 0.26–0.57). Cognitive Complaints correlated negatively with working memory, processing speed, and executive functioning performance (rs = −0.21 to −0.37), whereas Lethargy correlated negatively only with processing speed and executive functioning performance (rs = −0.26 to −0.42). Both predicted depression symptoms, but only Cognitive Complaints predicted inattention symptoms. Both subfactors demonstrated modest to nonsignificant associations with cognitive performance after accounting for estimated premorbid intelligence and inattention.Conclusion:Findings indicate a bidimensional conceptualization of CDS, with differential associations between its constituent subfactors, reported symptoms, and cognitive performance.

中文翻译：

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探索成人认知脱离综合症的子因素及其对神经心理表现的影响

目的：本研究调查了接受注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 神经心理学评估的成年人中认知脱离综合征 (CDS；以前称为认知节奏迟缓) 的子因素。方法：对 164 例门诊神经心理学评估数据进行回顾性分析，检查 CDS 之间的关联结果：因素分析产生了两个不同但正相关的结构：“认知抱怨”和“嗜睡”。两者均与症状报告呈正相关（rs = 0.26–0.57）。认知投诉与工作记忆、处理速度和执行功能表现呈负相关（rs = -0.21 至 -0.37），而嗜睡仅与处理速度和执行功能表现呈负相关（rs = -0.26 至 -0.42）。两者都预测抑郁症状，但只有认知障碍预测注意力不集中症状。在考虑了估计的病前智力和注意力不集中后，这两个子因素都表现出与认知表现的中度至非显着关联。结论：研究结果表明 CDS 的二维概念化，其组成子因素、报告的症状和认知表现之间存在差异关联。