Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have emerged as promising therapeutic agents with potent anti-inflammatory properties and diverse clinical implications. This in-depth review article explores the mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory actions of GLP-1RAs and assesses their prospective applicability in a wide range of disease scenarios. The current review establishes the significance of comprehending the anti-inflammatory role of GLP-1RAs and identifies pertinent research gaps. A concise overview of inflammation and its clinical consequences underscores the critical need for effective anti-inflammatory interventions. Subsequently, the article elucidates the intricate mechanisms through which GLP-1RAs modulate immune cell signaling and regulate the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Detailed discussions encompass their impact on inflammatory responses, cytokine production, and attenuation of oxidative stress. The exposition is substantiated by a collection of pertinent examples and an extensive array of references from both preclinical and clinical investigations. The historical trajectory of GLP-1RA drugs, including exenatide, lixisenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide, is traced to delineate their development as therapeutic agents. Moreover, the review emphasizes the therapeutic potential of GLP-1RAs in specific disease contexts like type 2 diabetes, a neurodegenerative disorder, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), shedding light on their anti-inflammatory effects through rigorous examination of preclinical and clinical studies. The article also provides an outlook on future perspectives for GLP-1RAs, encompassing the domains of diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and IBD. In conclusion, GLP-1RAs exhibit substantial anti-inflammatory effects, rendering them promising therapeutic agents with broad clinical implications. They are very useful in a wide variety of diseases because they regulate immunological responses, block NF-κB activation, and decrease production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Ongoing research endeavors aim to optimize their therapeutic use, delineate patient-specific treatment paradigms, and explore novel therapeutic applications. GLP-1RAs represent a significant breakthrough in anti-inflammatory therapy, offering novel treatment options, and improved patient outcomes.

中文翻译：

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胰高血糖素样肽1受体激动剂的抗炎作用及其临床意义

胰高血糖素样肽 1 受体激动剂 (GLP-1RA) 已成为有前景的治疗药物，具有有效的抗炎特性和多种临床意义。这篇深入的综述文章探讨了 GLP-1RA 抗炎作用背后的机制，并评估了它们在多种疾病情况下的前瞻性适用性。当前的综述确立了理解 GLP-1RA 抗炎作用的重要性，并确定了相关的研究空白。对炎症及其临床后果的简明概述强调了有效抗炎干预措施的迫切需要。随后，文章阐明了 GLP-1RA 调节免疫细胞信号传导和核因子 kappa B (NF-κB) 通路的复杂机制。详细讨论包括它们对炎症反应、细胞因子产生和氧化应激减弱的影响。该阐述由一系列相关示例以及来自临床前和临床研究的大量参考资料证实。追溯 GLP-1RA 药物（包括艾塞那肽、利西拉肽、利拉鲁肽和索马鲁肽）的历史轨迹，以描述它们作为治疗药物的发展。此外，该综述强调了 GLP-1RA 在 2 型糖尿病、神经退行性疾病和炎症性肠病 (IBD) 等特定疾病中的治疗潜力，通过严格的临床前和临床研究检验揭示了其抗炎作用。该文章还对 GLP-1RA 的未来前景进行了展望，涵盖糖尿病、神经退行性疾病和 IBD 领域。总之，GLP-1RA 表现出显着的抗炎作用，使其成为具有广泛临床意义的有前景的治疗药物。它们在多种疾病中非常有用，因为它们可以调节免疫反应、阻断 NF-κB 激活并减少促炎细胞因子的产生。正在进行的研究工作旨在优化其治疗用途，描绘针对患者的治疗范例，并探索新的治疗应用。GLP-1RA 代表了抗炎治疗的重大突破，提供了新的治疗选择并改善了患者的治疗结果。