As scholars account for the disproportional harm adolescent Black and Latino boys face in school, needed are studies that report on more than educator bias. Utilizing interviews and ethnographic observations from an urban charter school, I introduce and deploy the Intersectional School Power Model to illustrate how multiple school processes coalesced to uphold the criminalization of Black boys and stigmatization of Latino boys subtly and acutely. Findings show their (mis)treatment resulted from intersecting power arrangements across four school domains: the structural (e.g., organizational components), cultural (e.g., school norms), disciplinary (e.g., student corrective policies and practices), and interpersonal (e.g., daily interactions).

中文翻译：

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被定罪还是被污名化？特许学校对待黑人和拉丁裔男孩的跨部门分析

当学者们解释青少年黑人和拉丁裔男孩在学校面临的不成比例的伤害时，需要进行的研究不仅仅报告教育者的偏见。利用对城市特许学校的采访和人种学观察，我介绍并部署了跨部门学校权力模型，以说明多个学校流程如何联合起来，微妙而尖锐地维护对黑人男孩的刑事定罪和对拉丁裔男孩的污名化。调查结果显示，他们的（错误）待遇是由于四个学校领域的交叉权力安排造成的：结构（例如，组织组成部分）、文化（例如，学校规范）、纪律（例如，学生纠正政策和做法）和人际（例如，日常互动）。