Drug induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is often performed for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) when initial diagnostic studies do not provide adequate information for therapy. However, DISE scoring is subjective and with limitations. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the use of a novel long-range optical coherence tomography (LR-OCT) system during DISE of two pediatric patients. LR-OCT was used to visualize the airway of pediatric patients during DISE. At the conclusion of DISE, the OCT probe was guided in the airway under endoscopic visual guidance, and cross-sectional images were acquired at the four VOTE locations. Data processing involved image resizing and alignment, followed by rendering of three-dimensional (3D) volumetric models of the airways. Two patients were included in this study. Patient one had 18.4%, 20.9%, 72.3%, and 97.3% maximal obstruction at velum, oropharynx, tongue base, and epiglottis, while patient two had 40.2%, 41.4%, 8.0%, and 17.5% maximal obstruction at these regions, respectively. Three-dimensional reconstructions of patients’ airways were also constructed from the OCT images. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the successful evaluation of pediatric airway during DISE using LR-OCT, which accurately identified sites and degrees of obstruction with respective 3D airway reconstruction.

中文翻译：

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药物诱导睡眠内窥镜检查期间儿童气道的远程光学相干断层扫描：初步报告

当初始诊断研究无法提供足够的治疗信息时，通常会对儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 进行药物诱导睡眠内窥镜检查 (DISE)。然而，DISE 评分是主观的并且有局限性。这项概念验证研究展示了新型远程光学相干断层扫描 (LR-OCT) 系统在两名儿科患者的 DISE 过程中的使用。 LR-OCT 用于在 DISE 期间观察儿科患者的气道。 DISE 结束时，在内窥镜视觉引导下将 OCT 探头引导到气道中，并在四个 VOTE 位置获取横截面图像。数据处理涉及图像调整大小和对齐，然后渲染气道的三维 (3D) 体积模型。本研究包括两名患者。患者一在软腭、口咽、舌根和会厌处有 18.4%、20.9%、72.3% 和 97.3% 的最大阻塞，而患者二在这些区域有 40.2%、41.4%、8.0% 和 17.5% 的最大阻塞，分别。还根据 OCT 图像构建了患者气道的三维重建。这项概念验证研究证明了使用 LR-OCT 在 DISE 期间成功评估了儿科气道，通过相应的 3D 气道重建准确识别了阻塞部位和程度。