B cell immunity has a penetrating effect on human health and diseases. Therapeutics aiming to modulate B cell immunity have achieved remarkable success in combating infections, autoimmunity, and malignancies. However, current treatments still face significant limitations in generating effective long-lasting therapeutic B cell responses for many conditions. As the understanding of B cell biology has deepened in recent years, clearer regulation networks for B cell differentiation and antibody production have emerged, presenting opportunities to overcome current difficulties and realize the full therapeutic potential of B cell immunity. Biomaterial platforms have been developed to leverage these emerging concepts to augment therapeutic humoral immunity by facilitating immunogenic reagent trafficking, regulating T cell responses, and modulating the immune microenvironment. Moreover, biomaterial engineering tools have also advanced our understanding of B cell biology, further expediting the development of novel therapeutics. In this review, we will introduce the general concept of B cell immunobiology and highlight key biomaterial engineering strategies in the areas including B cell targeted antigen delivery, sustained B cell antigen delivery, antigen engineering, T cell help optimization, and B cell suppression. We will also discuss our perspective on future biomaterial engineering opportunities to leverage humoral immunity for therapeutics.

中文翻译：

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B 细胞免疫调节的生物材料工程策略

B细胞免疫对人体健康和疾病具有穿透性作用。旨在调节 B 细胞免疫的治疗方法在对抗感染、自身免疫和恶性肿瘤方面取得了显着的成功。然而，目前的治疗方法在许多情况下在产生有效、持久的治疗性 B 细胞反应方面仍然面临重大限制。近年来，随着对 B​​ 细胞生物学认识的加深，出现了更清晰的 B 细胞分化和抗体产生调控网络，为克服当前困难并实现 B 细胞免疫的全部治疗潜力提供了机会。生物材料平台的开发利用这些新兴概念，通过促进免疫原性试剂运输、调节 T 细胞反应和调节免疫微环境来增强治疗性体液免疫。此外，生物材料工程工具还增进了我们对 B 细胞生物学的理解，进一步加快了新疗法的开发。在这篇综述中，我们将介绍 B 细胞免疫生物学的一般概念，并重点介绍 B 细胞靶向抗原递送、持续 B 细胞抗原递送、抗原工程、T 细胞辅助优化和 B 细胞抑制等领域的关键生物材料工程策略。我们还将讨论我们对未来利用体液免疫进行治疗的生物材料工程机会的看法。