Radio astronomy file formats are now required to store wide frequency bandwidths and multiple simultaneous receiver beams and must be able to account for versatile observing modes and numerous calibration strategies. The need to capture and archive high-time and high frequency-resolution data, along with the comprehensive metadata that fully describe the data, implies that a new data format and new processing software are required. This requirement is suited to a well-defined, hierarchically-structured and flexible file format. In this paper we present the Spectral-Domain Hierarchical Data Format (‘SDHDF’) — a new file format for radio astronomy data, in particular for single dish or beam-formed data streams. Since 2018, SDHDF has been the primary format for data products from the spectral-line and continuum observing modes at Murriyang, the CSIRO Parkes 64-metre radio telescope, and we demonstrate that this data format can also be used to store observations of pulsars and fast radio bursts.

中文翻译：

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SDHDF：谱域射电天文数据的新文件格式

现在需要射电天文学文件格式来存储宽频率带宽和多个同步接收器波束，并且必须能够考虑多种观测模式和多种校准策略。捕获和归档高时间和高频分辨率数据以及充分描述数据的综合元数据的需要意味着需要新的数据格式和新的处理软件。此要求适合定义明确、分层结构且灵活的文件格式。在本文中，我们提出了谱域分层数据格式（“SDHDF”）——一种用于射电天文学数据的新文件格式，特别是对于单碟或波束形成的数据流。自 2018 年以来，SDHDF 一直是 CSIRO Parkes 64 米射电望远镜 Murriyang 谱线和连续谱观测模式数据产品的主要格式，我们证明这种数据格式也可用于存储脉冲星和快速射电暴。