Many cancer survivors, facing the consequences of their disease and its treatment, have medical and supportive aftercare needs. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the relationship between support needs and survivors' self-management skills. The study aim is to explore factors contributing to cancer survivors’ self-management skills. A cross-sectional study was conducted among cancer survivors (n = 277) of two outpatient oncology clinics at a university hospital in the Netherlands. Patients with head and neck cancer (n = 55) who had received radiotherapy and cisplatin or cetuximab were included, as well as patients who had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (n = 222). The primary outcome was self-management skills, assessed using the Partners in Health Scale (PIH), which comprises two subscales: knowledge and coping (PIH-KC), and recognition and management of symptoms, and adherence to treatment (PIH-MSA). Secondary outcomes were quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30), self-efficacy (SECD6), patient-centered care (CAPHS), and social support (HEIQ). Machine learning-based Random Forest models were employed to construct associative models. Feature Importance (FI) was used to express the contribution to the model. High emotional quality of life (FI = 33.1%), increased self-efficacy (FI = 22.2%), and greater social support (FI = 18.2%) were identified as key factors contributing to cancer survivors' self-management knowledge (PIH-KC). Furthermore, greater support from professionals (FI = 36.1%) and higher self-efficacy (FI = 18.2%) were found to benefit participants’ recognition and management, and therapy adherence (PIH-MSA). A patient-centered relationship between nurses and cancer survivors is essential for therapy adherence and the management of aftercare needs. Training to provide this holistic self-management support is required.

中文翻译：

---

哪些因素有助于癌症幸存者的自我管理技能？横断面观察研究

许多癌症幸存者面临着疾病及其治疗的后果，有医疗和支持性善后护理需求。然而，关于支持需求与幸存者自我管理技能之间的关系，人们的了解有限。该研究的目的是探讨影响癌症幸存者自我管理技能的因素。在荷兰一所大学医院的两个肿瘤门诊的癌症幸存者（n = 277）中进行了一项横断面研究。包括接受放射治疗和顺铂或西妥昔单抗的头颈癌患者（n = 55），以及接受造血干细胞移植的患者（n = 222）。主要结果是自我管理技能，使用健康伙伴量表（PIH）进行评估，该量表包括两个分量表：知识和应对（PIH-KC）以及症状的识别和管理以及治疗依从性（PIH-MSA） 。次要结局是生活质量（EORTC QLQ-C30）、自我效能（SECD6）、以患者为中心的护理（CAPHS）和社会支持（HEIQ）。采用基于机器学习的随机森林模型来构建关联模型。使用特征重要性（FI）来表达对模型的贡献。高情绪生活质量（FI = 33.1%）、自我效能感提高（FI = 22.2%）和更大的社会支持（FI = 18.2%）被认为是癌症幸存者自我管理知识（PIH-克）。此外，来自专业人士的更多支持（FI = 36.1%）和更高的自我效能（FI = 18.2%）被发现有利于参与者的认可和管理以及治疗依从性（PIH-MSA）。护士和癌症幸存者之间以患者为中心的关系对于治疗依从性和善后护理需求的管理至关重要。需要进行培训来提供这种全面的自我管理支持。