Having previously analyzed the relationship between tourism and economic growth from distinct perspectives, this paper attempts to fill the void existing in scientific research on the relationship between tourism and economic development, by analyzing the relationship between these variables using a sample of 123 countries between 1995 and 2019. The Dumistrescu and Hurlin adaptation of the Granger causality test was used. This study takes a critical look at causal analysis with heterogeneous panels, given the substantial differences found between the results of the causal analysis with the complete panel as compared to the analysis of homogeneous country groups, in terms of their dynamics of tourism specialization and economic development. On the one hand, a one-way causal relationship exists from tourism to development in countries having low levels of tourism specialization and development. On the other hand, a one-way causal relationship exists by which development contributes to tourism in countries with high levels of development and tourism specialization.

本文在前面从不同角度分析了旅游与经济增长之间的关系的基础上，试图通过1995年至2017年123个国家的样本分析旅游与经济发展之间关系的科学研究空白。 2019 年。使用了 Dumistrescu 和 Hurlin 改编的 Granger 因果检验。本研究对异质面板的因果分析进行了批判性的审视，因为与同质国家群体的分析相比，完整面板的因果分析结果在旅游专业化和经济发展的动态方面存在显着差异。一方面，在旅游专业化和发展水平较低的国家，旅游与发展之间存在着单向因果关系。另一方面，在发展水平和旅游专业化程度较高的国家，发展对旅游业的贡献存在单向因果关系。