Many genre scholars have focused on how individuals might build genre knowledge, generally understood as the enculturation processes, gradual stages, or ingredients that lead to one’s facility with a genre in context. While genre knowledge describes whether people can engage genres, it does not describe the various factors that shape how people may engage genres. By consolidating scholarship across Rhetorical Genre Studies (RGS), this article characterizes genre access as the power, opportunity, permission, and/or right to engage genre. Furthermore, this article integrates Network Gatekeeping Theory to develop a micro-level analytical approach for explicitly describing genre access. The author demonstrates and develops genre access as a concept and analytical approach with an illustrative example from a larger ethnographic project. Specifically, this illustrative example explores genre access for the Staff Report, a common genre in local government that proposes recommendations from individual departments to their elected City Commissioners for voted approval. Overall, the purpose of this article is (1) to consolidate and extend RGS’s exploration of the power, opportunity, permission, and/or right to engage genres; (2) to identify and name genre access as a fundamental aspect of how genres work; and (3) to provide a micro-level analytical language for researchers to tease out the various factors the shape genre access.

中文翻译：

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走向类型获取：微观层面的分析方法

许多流派学者都关注个人如何建立流派知识，通常被理解为文化适应过程、渐进阶段或导致一个人在上下文中熟悉流派的要素。虽然流派知识描述了人们是否可以参与流派，但它并没有描述影响人们如何参与流派的各种因素。通过整合修辞体裁研究 (RGS) 的学术成果，本文将体裁准入描述为参与体裁的权力、机会、许可和/或权利。此外，本文整合了网络把关理论，开发了一种微观层面的分析方法，用于明确描述流派访问。作者通过一个更大的民族志项目的说明性例子，展示和发展了流派获取作为一种概念和分析方法。具体来说，这个说明性示例探讨了工作人员报告的类型访问，这是地方政府中的一种常见类型，它向各个部门向其选出的城市专员提出建议，以供投票批准。总的来说，本文的目的是（1）巩固和扩展 RGS 对参与流派的权力、机会、许可和/或权利的探索；(2) 确定并命名类型准入，作为类型运作的一个基本方面；（3）为研究人员提供微观层面的分析语言，以梳理出影响流派访问的各种因素。