Background

Head and neck sarcomas are especially rare in Asia, leading to limited clinical evidence. This study aimed to investigate the incidence, clinical features, treatment status, and outcome of these sarcomas using data from the National Cancer Registry in Japan.

Methods

All head and neck sarcomas diagnosed between 2016 and 2019 and recorded in the National Cancer Registry were analyzed. Data on sex, age, primary site, histological type, stage, treatment modality, and prognostic information were collected. Age-adjusted incidence and 3-year survival rates of patients with head and neck sarcomas were calculated.

Results

Overall, 635 head and neck sarcoma patients were identified. Head and neck sarcoma occurred more frequently in men and patients in their 70 s. The age-adjusted annual incidence rate was 0.125 per 100,000 patients in the 2015 Japanese model or 0.089 per 100,000 patients in the world population model. The nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were the most frequent primary sites, with rhabdomyosarcoma as the most common histologic type. Treatment typically involved chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy for rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma, whereas surgical approaches for other types. Three-year survival rate of head and neck sarcoma patients was 64.8%.

Conclusions

Head and neck sarcomas occurred rarely, but most frequently in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in Japan. Poor outcomes were observed for sarcoma patients than for non-sarcoma head and neck cancer patients.

中文翻译：

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2016-2019 年日本头颈肉瘤现状：利用国家癌症登记处进行的分析

背景

头颈肉瘤在亚洲尤其罕见，导致临床证据有限。本研究旨在利用日本国家癌症登记处的数据调查这些肉瘤的发病率、临床特征、治疗状态和结果。

方法

对 2016 年至 2019 年间诊断并记录在国家癌症登记处的所有头颈部肉瘤进行了分析。收集有关性别、年龄、原发部位、组织学类型、分期、治疗方式和预后信息的数据。计算了头颈部肉瘤患者的年龄调整发病率和 3 年生存率。

结果

总共确定了 635 名头颈部肉瘤患者。头颈部肉瘤多见于男性和 70 多岁的患者。2015 年日本模型中年龄调整后的年发病率为每 10 万名患者 0.125 例，世界人口模型中的年龄调整年发病率为每 10 万名患者 0.089 例。鼻腔和鼻旁窦是最常见的原发部位，横纹肌肉瘤是最常见的组织学类型。横纹肌肉瘤和尤文氏肉瘤的治疗通常涉及化疗和/或放射治疗，而其他类型的治疗则采用手术方法。头颈部肉瘤患者的三年生存率为64.8%。

结论

在日本，头颈部肉瘤很少发生，但最常见于鼻腔和鼻窦。与非肉瘤头颈癌患者相比，肉瘤患者的预后较差。