Climate change remains a pressing global concern, with aerosols emerging as pivotal elements that wield substantial influence over the Earth’s climate dynamics. Aerosols, minuscule solid or liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere, exhibit a size range spanning from nanometers to tens of micrometers. Their impact on the atmosphere’s temperature is dual, engendering either warming or cooling effects, contingent upon the aerosol type. Consequently, it becomes imperative to comprehensively grasp the intricacies of aerosols and their inherent characteristics. In this study, we center our attention on the investigation of key aerosol optical properties, specifically the asymmetry parameter (ASY), aerosol optical depth (AOD), and single scattering albedo (SSA). Our research delves into the spatio-temporal distribution patterns of these aerosol optical properties across four distinct locations within India, namely Gandhi College, Kanpur, Jaipur, and Pune. These selected sites encompass the major classifications of aerosols, encompassing both anthropogenic and natural sources. Within the purview of these available aerosol optical properties, we endeavor to quantify the direct aerosol radiative forcing (DARF). To further enhance the rigor of our findings, we employ the control variable method to assess the uncertainty associated with direct aerosol radiative forcing concerning aerosol optical properties. Our results underscore that the asymmetry parameter (ASY) exerts a relatively minor influence on DARF, while single scattering albedo (SSA) and aerosol optical depth (AOD) wield substantial impact. Furthermore, this influence is contingent upon the specific aerosol type and exhibits notable regional variations, as different parameters manifest diverse effects contingent upon their respective geographical contexts.

气候变化仍然是全球紧迫的问题，气溶胶正在成为对地球气候动态产生重大影响的关键因素。气溶胶是悬浮在大气中的微小固体或液体颗粒，其尺寸范围从纳米到数十微米。它们对大气温度的影响是双重的，产生变暖或冷却效应，具体取决于气溶胶类型。因此，必须全面掌握气溶胶的复杂性及其固有特征。在这项研究中，我们将注意力集中在关键气溶胶光学特性的研究上，特别是不对称参数（ASY）、气溶胶光学深度（AOD）和单次散射反照率（SSA）。我们的研究深入研究了印度四个不同地点（即甘地学院、坎普尔、斋浦尔和浦那）这些气溶胶光学特性的时空分布模式。这些选定的地点涵盖了气溶胶的主要分类，包括人为来源和自然来源。在这些可用的气溶胶光学特性的范围内，我们努力量化直接气溶胶辐射强迫（DARF）。为了进一步提高我们研究结果的严谨性，我们采用控制变量方法来评估与气溶胶光学特性相关的直接气溶胶辐射强迫相关的不确定性。我们的结果强调，不对称参数（ASY）对 DARF 的影响相对较小，而单散射反照率（SSA）和气溶胶光学深度（AOD）则产生重大影响。此外，这种影响取决于特定的气溶胶类型，并表现出显着的区域差异，因为不同的参数根据各自的地理环境表现出不同的影响。