Abstract

Light-emitting diodes are budget-friendly solid-state light sources that find use in the very diverse areas: from lighting to data display devices. The history of the discovery of the electroluminescence phenomenon and development of the technology of inorganic (LED) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) is presented. Today, there has been a widespread transition to light-emitting diode sources based on inorganic semiconductors, ensuring significant energy savings. However, OLED technologies continue to undergo intensive development. Advantages of OLED over other light sources and areas of their practical use are considered. We discussed the fundamental principles of manufacturing organic light sources with a white emission spectrum, based on low-molecular-weight and polymeric compounds, and considered various approaches for developing polymeric materials with a white emission spectrum. Prospects of the development of the market of OLED light sources are evaluated.

中文翻译：

---

电致发光和有机发光二极管

摘要

发光二极管是经济实惠的固态光源，可用于非常广泛的领域：从照明到数据显示设备。介绍了电致发光现象的发现历史以及无机（LED）和有机发光二极管（OLED）技术的发展。如今，人们普遍转向基于无机半导体的发光二极管光源，从而确保显着节能。然而，OLED技术仍在持续深入发展。考虑了 OLED 相对于其他光源的优势及其实际应用领域。我们讨论了基于低分子量聚合物制造具有白色发射光谱的有机光源的基本原理，并考虑了开发具有白色发射光谱的聚合物材料的各种方法。评估OLED光源市场发展前景。