In engineering practice, conservative approaches are used to assess the technical condition of pipelines with typical elements (branches, tees and adapters) using reference data on the mechanical properties of the metal in its original state. The use of such approaches to assess the technical condition without taking into account changes in the mechanical properties of the metal during the manufacturing process and long-term operation can lead to significant errors. As an example, this paper presents the results of experimental studies of the mechanical properties of the metal of the characteristic zones of typical pipeline elements and the steam generator housing. It is shown that the differences in the characteristics of resistance to the short-term static and cyclic loads of individual sections of typical pipeline elements are associated with the influence of technological and operational factors. It is recommended to use nondestructive testing methods for the rapid evaluation of differences in the structural state of the metal of different portions of the product, which determines its mechanical properties.

在工程实践中，采用保守方法，利用金属原始状态机械性能的参考数据来评估具有典型元件（支管、三通和接头）的管道的技术状况。使用此类方法评估技术状况而不考虑制造过程和长期运行期间金属机械性能的变化可能会导致重大错误。作为一个例子，本文介绍了典型管道元件和蒸汽发生器外壳特征区域金属机械性能的实验研究结果。结果表明，典型管道元件各断面耐短期静载荷和循环载荷特性的差异与工艺和运行因素的影响有关。建议采用无损检测方法快速评估产品不同部位金属结构状态的差异，从而决定其机械性能。