This article elucidates the pivotal role of b-mesons and bottomonium states in exploring the existence and properties of hot QCD matter (commonly known as quark-gluon-plasma (QGP) produced within the crucible heavy-ion collision experiments). Owing to the complex and confounding nature of strong interaction force the direct detection of probing the hot QCD matter is not feasible. In light of this, investigating the dynamics of b-quarks and anti-quarks within the hot QCD medium emerges as an invaluable indirect probe. The impact of b-quarks and the mesons spans a spectrum of interesting domains regarding the physics of QCD at finite temperature, encompassing the QCD phase transition, color screening, quarkonia dissociation, heavy quark energy loss and collective flow, anisotropic aspects, and strongly coupled nature of hot QCD medium. These aspects underscore the indispensable nature of B-mesons in the quest to create and explore the complex nature of strong interaction force through the QGP/hot QCD matter. In this context, we mainly focus on works related to transport studies of b-mesons in hot QCD medium, lattice QCD, and effective field theory studies on bottomonium states, and finally, open quantum system frameworks to quarkonia to explore the properties of hot QCD medium in relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments.

本文阐明了 b 介子和底态在探索热 QCD 物质（通常称为坩埚重离子碰撞实验中产生的夸克胶子等离子体（QGP））的存在和性质中的关键作用。由于强相互作用力的复杂性和混杂性，直接探测热QCD物质是不可行的。有鉴于此，研究热 QCD 介质中 b 夸克和反夸克的动力学成为一种非常有价值的间接探测。b 夸克和介子的影响跨越了有限温度下 QCD 物理的一系列有趣领域，包括 QCD 相变、颜色筛选、夸克解离、重夸克能量损失和集体流动、各向异性方面和强耦合热 QCD 介质的性质 这些方面强调了 B 介子在通过 QGP/热 QCD 物质创造和探索强相互作用力的复杂性质方面不可或缺的性质。在此背景下，我们主要关注热QCD介质中b介子的输运研究、晶格QCD以及底态有效场论研究相关的工作，最后，向夸克尼亚开放量子系统框架以探索热QCD的性质相对论性重离子碰撞实验中的介质。