High-entropy materials (HEMs), which are newly manufactured compounds that contain five or more metal cations, can be a platform with desired properties, including improved electrocatalytic performance owing to the inherent complexity. Here, a strain engineering methodology is proposed to design transition-metal-based HEM by Li manipulation (LiTM) with tunable lattice strain, thus tailoring the electronic structure and boosting electrocatalytic performance. As confirmed by the experiments and calculation results, tensile strain in the LiTM after Li manipulation can optimize the d-band center and increase the electrical conductivity. Accordingly, the as-prepared LiTM-25 demonstrates optimized oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction activity in alkaline saline water, requiring ultralow overpotentials of 265 and 42 mV at 10 mA cm⁻², respectively. More strikingly, LiTM-25 retains 94.6% activity after 80 h of a durability test when assembled as an anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzer. Finally, in order to show the general efficacy of strain engineering, we incorporate Li into electrocatalysts with higher entropies as well.

中文翻译：

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通过构建应变工程高熵电催化剂促进整体盐水分解

高熵材料（HEM）是新制造的含有五种或更多金属阳离子的化合物，可以成为具有所需性能的平台，包括由于其固有的复杂性而改进的电催化性能。在这里，提出了一种应变工程方法，通过具有可调晶格应变的Li操纵（LiTM）来设计基于过渡金属的HEM，从而调整电子结构并提高电催化性能。实验和计算结果证实，Li操纵后LiTM中的拉伸应变可以优化d带中心并提高电导率。因此，所制备的LiTM-25在碱性盐水中表现出优化的析氧反应和析氢反应活性，在10 mA cm ^-2下分别需要265和42 mV的超低过电势。更引人注目的是，当组装成阴离子交换膜水电解槽时，LiTM-25 在经过 80 小时的耐久性测试后仍保留 94.6% 的活性。最后，为了展示应变工程的总体功效，我们还将Li加入到具有更高熵的电催化剂中。