In this empirical investigation, we analyze the correlation among Information and Communication Technology (ICT), economic complexity, CO2, financial development, and energy in Gulf countries over the period from 1995 to 2019. The study also incorporates the role of financial development and energy in understanding these relationships. Various panel techniques are employed to assess these intricate interconnections. The CSD and slope heterogeneity tests support the adoption of second‐generation techniques. The Westerlund cointegration results affirm a long‐term association between CO2 and the independent variables. The findings from the CS‐ARDL model reveal that economic growth, financial development, and oil energy contribute to increased CO2, resulting in a decline in ecological quality. By contrast, economic complexity and gas energy contribute to improved ecological quality by reducing CO2. The MMQR analysis corroborates these results, establishing significant relationships across various quantile distributions of CO2. Furthermore, with the exception of economic complexity, all the variables demonstrate predictive capabilities concerning CO2. These empirical insights provide practical policy implications aimed at achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7, 9, and 13.

中文翻译：

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能源消耗、信息和通信技术以及经济复杂性在促进环境可持续性方面的作用：对海湾国家的影响

在这项实证调查中，我们分析了信息和通信技术 (ICT)、经济复杂性、CO 之间的相关性21995年至2019年期间海湾国家的金融发展和能源。该研究还纳入了金融发展和能源在理解这些关系中的作用。采用各种面板技术来评估这些复杂的互连。CSD 和坡度异质性测试支持采用第二代技术。Westerlund 协整结果证实了 CO 与 CO 之间存在长期关联。2和自变量。CS-ARDL 模型的研究结果表明，经济增长、金融发展和石油能源导致二氧化碳增加2，导致生态质量下降。相比之下，经济复杂性和天然气能源通过减少二氧化碳有助于改善生态质量2。MMQR 分析证实了这些结果，在 CO 的各个分位数分布之间建立了显着关系2。此外，除了经济复杂性外，所有变量都表现出对 CO 的预测能力2。这些实证见解提供了旨在实现可持续发展目标 (SDG) 7、9 和 13 的实际政策影响。