Thermophotovoltaics (TPVs) differs from solar photovoltaics (PV) because pairwise efficiency and electrical power cannot be optimized simultaneously, as a consequence of spectral selectivity or photon recycling. A review of around thirty experiments conducted so far is carried out, and the achieved performances are compared with those obtained in the detailed balance limit. The link between optimal cell bandgap and emitter temperature is highlighted as a function of out-of-band radiation exchange between the emitter and the cell. The analysis reveals that almost all the experimental data reported are far from power-maximizing conditions and more focused on optimizing efficiency. At high temperature, thermal management is obviously an issue and optimizing efficiency is required to minimize heat generation. In general, it is argued that in addition to pairwise efficiency and electrical power density, heat power density is a third metric that should be considered in the design of TPV devices.

中文翻译：

---

热光伏器件的主要性能指标：分析现有技术

热光伏发电 (TPV) 与太阳能光伏发电 (PV) 不同，因为由于光谱选择性或光子回收，成对效率和电能无法同时优化。对迄今为止进行的约三十个实验进行了回顾，并将所获得的性能与详细平衡极限中获得的性能进行了比较。最佳电池带隙和发射器温度之间的联系被强调为发射器和电池之间带外辐射交换的函数。分析表明，几乎所有报告的实验数据都远离功率最大化条件，而更侧重于优化效率。在高温下，热管理显然是一个问题，需要优化效率以最大限度地减少热量产生。一般来说，除了成对效率和电功率密度之外，热功率密度是 TPV 器件设计中应考虑的第三个指标。