Biological water striders have advantages such as flexible movement, low disturbance to the water surface, and low noise. Researchers have developed a large number of biomimetic water strider robots based on their movement mechanism, which have broad application prospects in water quality testing, water surface reconnaissance, and search. This article mainly reviews the research progress of biomimetic water strider robots. First, the biological and kinematic characteristics of water striders are outlined, and some mechanical parameters of biological water striders are summarized. The basic equations of water strider movement are then described. Next, an overview is given of the past and current work on skating and jumping movements of biomimetic water strider robots based on surface tension and water pressure dominance. Based on the current research status of biomimetic water strider robots, the shortcomings of current research on biomimetic water striders are summarized, and the future development of biomimetic water strider robots is discussed. This article provides new insights for the design of biomimetic water strider robots.

生物水黾具有运动灵活、对水面扰动小、噪音低等优点。研究人员基于仿生水黾运动机构，开发了大量仿生水黾机器人，在水质检测、水面侦察、搜索等方面具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要综述仿生水黾机器人的研究进展。首先概述了水黾的生物学和运动学特征，总结了生物水黾的一些力学参数。然后描述水黾运动的基本方程。接下来，概述了基于表面张力和水压优势的仿生水黾机器人滑行和跳跃运动的过去和现在的工作。基于仿生水黾机器人的研究现状，总结了目前仿生水黾研究的不足，并对仿生水黾机器人的未来发展进行了展望。本文为仿生水黾机器人的设计提供了新的见解。