Parenting support to enhance parent and child mental health is increasingly offered on websites, apps, and through videocall. This development raises the question of how online parenting support compares to traditional in-person parenting support. Is online support non-inferior to traditional in-person support? Or should online support be used as a supplement to in-person support? In the COST Action EurofamNet (CA18123), we sought to answer these questions by systematically searching for randomized trials comparing online to in-person parenting support (Study 1) and trials comparing in-person parenting support augmented with online support elements to in-person parenting support only (Study 2). We registered our review in PROSPERO (CRD42022354393) and searched PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane in May 2022. Our outcomes of interests were children’s mental health, parenting practices, parental mental health, and parents’ satisfaction with the program. For Study 1, multilevel -analysis of seven eligible randomized trials (101 effect sizes; = 957) showed consistent non-inferiority of online support and a trend that parents were more satisfied with online support. For Study 2, narrative synthesis of two eligible trials ( = 279) suggests that adding online support elements to in-person support can improve program satisfaction and short-term benefits, but does not contribute significantly to program benefits above and beyond in-person support. Our findings suggest that, provided appropriate online formats and sufficient guidance from professionals, online parenting support is non-inferior to in-person support. The additive value of online support elements to in-person support seems limited, but may still be meaningful. Future research should identify the circumstances under which parents prefer, and benefit more from, in-person versus online parenting support.

中文翻译：

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在线育儿支持：对面对面支持的非劣效性和附加价值的荟萃分析

人们越来越多地通过网站、应用程序和视频通话提供旨在增强父母和孩子心理健康的育儿支持。这一发展提出了一个问题：在线育儿支持与传统的面对面育儿支持相比如何。在线支持是否不逊色于传统的面对面支持？或者应该使用在线支持作为现场支持的补充？在 EurofamNet 的成本行动 (CA18123) 中，我们通过系统地搜索比较在线与面对面育儿支持的随机试验（研究 1）以及比较添加在线支持元素的面对面育儿支持与面对面的试验来回答这些问题。仅育儿支持（研究 2）。我们在 PROSPERO (CRD42022354393) 中注册了我们的综述，并于 2022 年 5 月检索了 PsycINFO、MEDLINE、Web of Science 和 Cochrane。我们感兴趣的结果是儿童的心理健康、育儿实践、父母的心理健康以及父母对项目的满意度。对于研究 1，对七项合格随机试验（101 个效应大小；= 957）的多水平分析表明，在线支持具有一致的非劣效性，并且有家长对在线支持更加满意的趋势。对于研究 2，两项符合条件的试验 (= 279) 的叙述综合表明，在现场支持中添加在线支持元素可以提高计划满意度和短期效益，但不会对超出现场支持之外的计划效益产生显着贡献。我们的研究结果表明，只要提供适当的在线形式和专业人士的充分指导，在线育儿支持并不逊色于面对面的支持。在线支持元素相对于面对面支持的附加价值似乎有限，但可能仍然有意义。未来的研究应该确定父母在什么情况下更喜欢面对面的育儿支持和在线育儿支持，并从中受益更多。