We sought to provide updated incidence and trend data for cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in the United States from 2016-2020, examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on CVT, and identify predictors of in-hospital mortality. Validated ICD-10 codes were used to identify discharges with CVT in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Sample weights were applied to generate nationally representative estimates, and census data were used to compute incidence rates. The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic was defined as January-May 2020. Trend analysis was completed using Joinpoint regression. From 2016 to 2020, the incidence of CVT increased from 24.34 per 1,000,000 population per year (MPY) to 33.63 per MPY (Annual Percentage Change (APC) 8.6 %; p < 0.001). All-cause in-hospital mortality was 4.9 % [95 % CI 4.5-5.4]. On multivariable analysis, use of thrombectomy, increased age, atrial fibrillation, stroke diagnosis, infection, presence of prothrombotic hematologic conditions, lowest quartile of income, intracranial hemorrhage, and male sex were associated with in-hospital mortality. CVT incidence was similar comparing the first 5 months of 2020 and 2019 (31.37 vs 32.04; p = 0.322) with no difference in median NIHSS (2 [IQR 1-10] vs. 2 [1-9]; p = 0.959) or mortality (4.2 % vs. 5.6 %; p = 0.176). CVT incidence increased in the US from 2016 to 2020 while mortality did not change. Increased age, prothrombotic state, stroke diagnosis, infection, atrial fibrillation, male sex, lowest quartile of income, intracranial hemorrhage, and use of thrombectomy were associated with in-hospital mortality following CVT. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, CVT volumes and mortality were similar to the prior year.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 大流行之前和期间脑静脉血栓形成的趋势：全国住院患者样本分析

我们试图提供 2016 年至 2020 年美国脑静脉血栓 (CVT) 的最新发病率和趋势数据，研究 COVID-19 大流行对 CVT 的影响，并确定院内死亡率的预测因素。经过验证的 ICD-10 代码用于识别国家住院患者样本 (NIS) 中因 CVT 出院的情况。应用样本权重来生成具有全国代表性的估计值，并使用人口普查数据来计算发病率。第一波 COVID-19 大流行被定义为 2020 年 1 月至 5 月。趋势分析是使用 Joinpoint 回归完成的。从 2016 年到 2020 年，CVT 的发病率从每年每 100 万人 (MPY) 24.34 例增加到每 MPY 33.63 例（年度百分比变化 (APC) 8.6%；p < 0.001）。全因住院死亡率为 4.9% [95% CI 4.5-5.4]。多变量分析显示，血栓切除术的使用、年龄增加、心房颤动、中风诊断、感染、血栓前血液病、收入最低四分位、颅内出血和男性与院内死亡率相关。与 2020 年和 2019 年前 5 个月相比，CVT 发生率相似（31.37 vs 32.04；p = 0.322），NIHSS 中位数没有差异（2 [IQR 1-10] vs. 2 [1-9]；p = 0.959）或死亡率（4.2% vs. 5.6%；p = 0.176）。2016 年至 2020 年，美国 CVT 发病率有所增加，而死亡率没有变化。年龄增加、血栓前状态、卒中诊断、感染、心房颤动、男性、收入最低四分位数、颅内出血和血栓切除术的使用与 CVT 后的院内死亡率相关。在 COVID-19 大流行的第一波期间，CVT 数量和死亡率与前一年相似。