Impaired QoL and depression are common in patients with chronic epilepsies; however, data on the impact of a first seizure on QoL are sparse. According to the current ILAE-definition of epilepsy, patients may be diagnosed with epilepsy immediately after the first seizure, if EEG and/or imaging findings are abnormal. Patients with normal findings in imaging and EEG are not diagnosed as having epilepsy. We investigated QoL in patients after a first seizure with and without a consecutive diagnosis of epilepsy to detect differences between groups within the first year after seizure. We examined patients ( = 152) after a first epileptic seizure and six and 12 months thereafter using demographic, clinical and QoL-related questionnaire data (Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31 (QOLIE-31), Beck’s depression inventory II (BDI-II)). Patients diagnosed with epilepsy after the first seizure showed a tendency of reduced mental health-related QoL six ( =.098) and 12 months ( =.092) after the first seizure compared to patients who were not diagnosed with epilepsy, but were diagnosed as having had a single first seizure. There were no significant differences between the two groups in physical health-related QoL. Multiple regression analyses showed that especially depressive symptoms explained 22.0 – 48.7 % of the variance in mental health-related QoL six ( <.001) and 12 months ( <.001) after the first seizure. Physical health-related QoL was especially predicted by age ( <.001), group ( =.002) and recurrent seizures ( = < 0.001). In PWE, there was a statistical trend with improving QOLIE-31 overall scores from six to 12 months ( =.086). Our results suggest that QoL may be impaired in patients diagnosed with epilepsy early, immediately after the onset of disease. Early follow-up monitoring from the beginning of patient career is important for possible interventions and to improve patients' daily life in the long term.

中文翻译：

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首次癫痫发作与生活质量——一项前瞻性研究

生活质量受损和抑郁症在慢性癫痫患者中很常见；然而，关于首次癫痫发作对生活质量影响的数据很少。根据目前ILAE对癫痫的定义，如果脑电图和/或影像学检查结果异常，患者在第一次癫痫发作后可能立即被诊断为癫痫。影像学和脑电图检查结果正常的患者不会被诊断为癫痫。我们调查了首次癫痫发作后连续诊断为癫痫和未连续诊断为癫痫的患者的生活质量，以检测癫痫发作后第一年内各组之间的差异。我们使用人口统计、临床和生活质量相关问卷数据（简表 36 健康调查 (SF-36)、癫痫清单 31 中的生活质量 ( QOLIE-31)、贝克抑郁量表 II (BDI-II))。与未诊断为癫痫但被诊断为癫痫的患者相比，首次癫痫发作后 6 个月 (=.098) 和 12 个月 (=.092) 诊断为癫痫的患者表现出与心理健康相关的生活质量下降的趋势曾有过一次首次癫痫发作。两组之间与身体健康相关的生活质量没有显着差异。多元回归分析显示，特别是抑郁症状解释了首次癫痫发作后 6 个月 (<.001) 和 12 个月 (<.001) 心理健康相关 QoL 差异的 22.0 – 48.7%。与身体健康相关的 QoL 特别是通过年龄 (<.001)、群体 (=.002) 和复发性癫痫发作 (=<0.001) 来预测。在 PWE 中，QOLIE-31 总体得分从 6 个月到 12 个月呈改善趋势 (=.086)。我们的结果表明，早期诊断为癫痫的患者（即疾病发作后立即）的生活质量可能会受到损害。从患者职业生涯开始的早期随访监测对于可能的干预措施和长期改善患者的日常生活非常重要。