Abiotic stress, including drought and salt, reduces the yield of all major crop plants globally. Exploring the stress tolerance factors and mechanisms of dominant species is still an urgent task that is crucial for food and feed production. Bat., which is a halophytic plant, is economically important due to its medicinal, feeding, and ecological value. The plant is widely distributed in the salinized land of Northwest China. The plant demonstrates a robust capacity to withstand drought and salt stress, rendering it an excellent candidate for investigating the molecular mechanism behind drought and salt stress tolerance. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins have been ascribed as significant stress tolerance factors attributed to their crucial role in improving the resilience against drought and salt stress. However, research on the salt tolerance mechanism of is rare and limited to the physiological level. Furthermore, the role of the genes in during abiotic stress conditions remains unclear. In this research, comprehensive knowledge of how responds to salt stress was attained by investigating RNA-seq transcriptomes from the root of seedlings treated with 200 mM NaCl for three different time points (0 h, 3 h, and 48 h). Compared to the control, the roots exhibited a significant up-regulation in MDA and proline content as well as SOD and POD activity. The RNA-seq analysis revealed that there were 1938 DEGs that were common across various time points. GO and KEGG indicated that during salt stress, DEGs were found to be abundant in starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and the ABA signaling pathway. The correlation analysis suggested that () might be a candidate gene modulating the protection of roots from salt stress. Apparently, the expression of was triggered by drought and salt treatments. To investigate the role of in drought and salt stress, plants overexpressed- were generated. Overexpression of in tobacco () could improve resistance against drought and salinity. Under drought and salty conditions, plants that overexpressed exhibited enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes and higher proline levels, along with decreased MDA content. Functional analyses demonstrate that has a positive role in drought and salt treatments, it significantly increased the ability of tobacco to withstand drought and salt stress.

中文翻译：

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GiLEA5-2.1（来自胀果甘草的晚期胚胎发生丰富基因LEA3）的过表达增强了转基因烟草（Nicotiana Benthamiana）的干旱和盐胁迫耐受性

非生物胁迫，包括干旱和盐分，会降低全球所有主要农作物的产量。探索优势物种的胁迫耐受因素和机制仍然是对粮食和饲料生产至关重要的紧迫任务。蝙蝠是一种盐生植物，因其药用、饲养和生态价值而具有重要的经济价值。该植物广泛分布于西北盐碱地。该植物表现出强大的抵御干旱和盐胁迫的能力，使其成为研究干旱和盐胁迫耐受性背后分子机制的绝佳候选者。晚期胚胎发生丰富（LEA）蛋白被认为是重要的胁迫​​耐受因子，因为它们在提高抗旱和盐胁迫能力方面发挥着关键作用。然而，对其耐盐机制的研究却很少，且仅限于生理水平。此外，这些基因在非生物胁迫条件下的作用仍不清楚。在本研究中，通过研究用 200 mM NaCl 处理三个不同时间点（0 小时、3 小时和 48 小时）的幼苗根部的 RNA-seq 转录组，全面了解了如何应对盐胁迫。与对照相比，根部的 MDA 和脯氨酸含量以及 SOD 和 POD 活性显着上调。RNA-seq 分析显示，在不同时间点有 1938 个常见的 DEG。GO和KEGG表明，在盐胁迫期间，发现DEG在淀粉和蔗糖代谢、苯丙素生物合成、糖酵解/糖异生、类黄酮生物合成和ABA信号通路中丰富。相关分析表明()可能是调节根系免受盐胁迫影响的候选基因。显然， 的表达是由干旱和盐处理引发的。为了研究在干旱和盐胁迫中的作用，产生了过度表达的植物。烟草中过表达()可提高抗旱、抗盐能力。在干旱和盐分条件下，过度表达的植物表现出抗氧化酶活性增强和脯氨酸水平升高，同时MDA含量降低。功能分析表明，在干旱和盐胁迫处理中具有积极作用，显着提高了烟草抵御干旱和盐胁迫的能力。