In this study, an efficient approach was proposed to systematically model and optimize the laser small hole cutting process parameters using a hybrid approach for the design of experiment and multi-objective genetic algorithm optimization. The central composite design and response surface methodology were used to effectively model the impact of four main factors: cutting speed, laser power, gas pressure and focal distance on the responses. The responses considered were hole diameter circularity tolerance, spattering and cut kerf width, which were used to evaluate the quality of the laser hole cutting. The regression equations were used to model the effect of process parameters and their interactions on the responses. These regression models were then used as objective functions for optimization. The results show that the focal distance and laser power have had a significant influence on the hole diameter circularity tolerance and the variation in size of the cut kerf. In particular, the melted material spattering rate increased threefold when the focal distance increased from 0.4 to 0.8 mm. The optimization results highlighted that the best outcomes in terms of minimum deviation, spatter, and the cut-kerf width were achieved at low power (between 605 and 685 W) and low speeds (in the range of 11.1–12.7 m min⁻¹). The optimal focal distance for all solutions was found to be 0 mm for the gas pressure (between 6.5 and 8 bars) to minimize the objective functions.

中文翻译：

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使用响应面对奥氏体不锈钢板进行光纤激光孔切割的混合建模和优化

在本研究中，提出了一种有效的方法，使用实验设计和多目标遗传算法优化的混合方法来系统地建模和优化激光小孔切割工艺参数。使用中心复合设计和响应面方法有效地模拟了四个主要因素的影响：切割速度、激光功率、气压和焦距对响应的影响。考虑的响应是孔径圆度公差、飞溅和切割缝宽度，用于评估激光孔切割的质量。回归方程用于模拟过程参数及其相互作用对响应的影响。然后将这些回归模型用作优化的目标函数。结果表明，焦距和激光功率对孔径圆度公差和切割缝尺寸变化有显着影响。特别是，当焦距从0.4毫米增加到0.8毫米时，熔化材料的飞溅率增加了三倍。^{优化结果强调，在低功率（605 至 685 W 之间）和低速度（11.1–12.7 m min -1}范围内）下实现了最小偏差、飞溅和切割宽度方面的最佳结果。。对于气压（6.5 至 8 巴之间），所有解决方案的最佳焦距均为 0 毫米，以最小化目标函数。