In the context of global climate warming, major crop yields such as wheat, rice, corn, and soybeans are expected to decline significantly. Therefore, the search for unconventional crops capable of producing high yields in conditions of elevated temperatures is of great importance. We studied the morphophysiological and biochemical responses of Amaranthus caudatus L. to the effect of temperatures of 22 °C, 30 °C, and 38 °C for 3 weeks. With an increase in temperature from 22 to 30 °C the rate of net photosynthesis significantly increased, as well as the content of chlorophylls a and b, sugars, starch, and protein in leaves. At temperature 30 °C, amaranth plants formed the maximum biomass. A further increase in the cultivation temperature to 38 °C led to a sharp decrease in the rate of net photosynthesis and a decrease in the content of chlorophylls a and b, sugars, starch, protein. Amaranth plants reacted to an increase in the cultivation temperature by raising the content of saturated 16:0 and 18:0 fatty acids and lowering the content of unsaturated 18:3 fatty acid. We concluded that growing A. caudatus at 38 °C would be economically unprofitable due to large yield losses and a decrease in the nutritional value. If the ambient temperature during the growing season does not exceed 30 °C, then A. caudatus is able to become an economically efficient agricultural crop in the face of global climate change.

在全球气候变暖的背景下，小麦、水稻、玉米、大豆等主要农作物产量预计将大幅下降。因此，寻找能够在高温条件下高产的非常规作物具有重要意义。我们研究了尾苋对 22 °C、30 °C 和 38 °C 温度影响的形态生理和生化反应，为期 3 周。随着温度从 22°C 升高到 30°C，净光合作用速率显着增加，叶子中叶绿素a和b、糖、淀粉和蛋白质的含量也显着增加。在温度30℃时，苋菜植物形成最大生物量。培养温度进一步升高至38℃，导致净光合作用速率急剧下降，叶绿素a和b 、糖、淀粉、蛋白质含量下降。苋菜植物通过提高饱和16:0和18:0脂肪酸的含量并降低不饱和18:3脂肪酸的含量来对培养温度的升高做出反应。我们得出的结论是，在 38 °C 下种植A. caudatus在经济上无利可图，因为产量损失较大且营养价值下降。如果生长季节的环境温度不超过30°C，那么面对全球气候变化，尾蒿就能成为一种经济高效的农作物。