Research has demonstrated the link between experiences of mental health concerns, such as depression, and college attrition. The risk for mental health concerns is higher among lower-income first-year students of color. Higher levels of self-judgment have been shown to lead to poorer mental health. Female students tend to be higher in self-judgment, and lower-income students are at higher risk for mental health concerns, such as depression, during their first year of college. This study used longitudinal data from three time points to investigate gender's moderating effect on a causal association of self-judgment leading to depression among first-year college students identified by their university as being economically and academically disadvantaged, controlling for time ( N = 118; 92.37% non-White; 61.02% female). The findings suggest that self-judgment may be causally related to depression for only female students. Interventions aimed at increasing retention among academically and economically disadvantaged first-year students by targeting a self-judgment-to-depression causal link may be most effective for females.

中文翻译：

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有色人种学生在大学过渡期间的自我判断和抑郁：性别差异

研究表明，抑郁症等心理健康问题与大学退学之间存在联系。低收入有色人种一年级学生出现心理健康问题的风险更高。较高水平的自我判断已被证明会导致心理健康状况较差。女学生的自我评价往往较高，而低收入学生在大学第一年出现抑郁等心理健康问题的风险较高。本研究使用三个时间点的纵向数据来调查性别对自我判断的因果关系的调节作用，该因果关系被大学认定为经济和学业上处于不利地位的一年级大学生抑郁症的因果关系，控制了时间（N = 118； 92.37% 非白人；61.02% 女性）。研究结果表明，只有女学生的自我判断可能与抑郁症有因果关系。通过针对自我判断与抑郁的因果关系来提高学业和经济上处于不利地位的一年级学生的保留率的干预措施可能对女性最有效。