The pathobiology of tau is of great importance for understanding the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in aging and age-associated disorders such as Alzheimer disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementias. It is critical to identify neuronal populations and brain regions that are vulnerable or resistant to tau pathological changes. Pick disease (PiD) is a three-repeat (3R) tauopathy that belongs to the group of frontotemporal lobar degenerations. The neuropathologic changes of PiD are characterized by globular tau-positive neuronal intracytoplasmic inclusions, called Pick bodies, in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus and frontal and temporal neocortices, and ballooned neurons, named Pick neurons, in the neocortex. In the present study, we examined 13 autopsy-confirmed cases of PiD. Using immunohistochemistry for phospho-tau (AT8) and 3R tau isoform, all PiD cases demonstrated extensive lesions involving the hippocampus and neocortex. However, the lateral geniculate body (LGB) is spared of significant tau lesions in contrast to the neighboring hippocampus and other thalamic nuclei. Only 1 PiD case (7.7%) had tau-positive neurons, and 4 cases had tau-positive neurites (31%) in the LGB. By contrast, the LGB does consistently harbor tau lesions in other tauopathies including progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, and AD.

中文翻译：

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皮克病中外侧膝状体免受 tau 蛋白病理影响

tau 蛋白的病理学对于理解衰老和年龄相关疾病（如阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和额颞叶痴呆）的神经退行性机制非常重要。识别对 tau 病理变化敏感或抵抗的神经元群体和大脑区域至关重要。Pick 病 (PiD) 是一种三重复 (3R) tau 蛋白病，属于额颞叶变性。PiD 的神经病理学变化的特征是齿状回、额叶和颞叶新皮质的颗粒细胞中存在球状 tau 阳性神经元胞浆内包涵体（称为 Pick 小体），以及新皮质中的气球状神经元（称为 Pick 神经元）。在本研究中，我们检查了 13 例尸检确诊的 PiD 病例。使用磷酸 tau (AT8) 和 3R tau 亚型的免疫组织化学检测，所有 PiD 病例均表现出涉及海马和新皮质的广泛病变。然而，与邻近的海马和其他丘脑核团相比，外侧膝状体 (LGB) 没有出现明显的 tau 损伤。仅 1 例 PiD 病例（7.7%）有 tau 阳性神经元，4 例（31%）LGB 中有 tau 阳性神经突。相比之下，LGB 确实在其他 tau 蛋白病中始终存在 tau 病变，包括进行性核上性麻痹、皮质基底节变性和 AD。