Meeting the ever-increasing food demands of a growing global population while ensuring resource and environmental sustainability presents significant challenges for agriculture worldwide. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AMS) has emerged as a potential solution by increasing the surface area of a plant's root system and enhancing the absorption of phosphorus, nitrogen nutrients, and water. Consequently, there is a longstanding hypothesis that rice varieties exhibiting more efficient AMS could yield higher outputs at reduced input costs, paving the way for the development of Green Super Rice (GSR). Our prior research study identified a variant, OsCERK1^DY, derived from Dongxiang wild-type rice, which notably enhanced AMS efficiency in the rice cultivar "ZZ35." This variant represents a promising gene for enhancing yield and nutrient use efficiency in rice breeding. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of biomass, crop growth characteristics, yield attributes, and nutrient absorption at varying soil nitrogen levels in the rice cultivar "ZZ35" and its chromosome single-segment substitution line, "GJDN1." In the field, GJDN1 exhibited a higher AM colonization level in its roots compared with ZZ35. Notably, GJDN1 displayed significantly higher effective panicle numbers and seed-setting rates than ZZ35. Moreover, the yield of GJDN1 with 75% nitrogen was 14.27% greater than the maximum yield achieved using ZZ35. At equivalent nitrogen levels, GJDN1 consistently outperformed ZZ35 in chlorophyll (Chl) content, dry matter accumulation, major nutrient element accumulation, N agronomic efficiency (NAE), N recovery efficiency (NRE), and N partial factor productivity (NPFP). The performance of OsCERK1^DY overexpression lines corroborated these findings. These results support a model wherein the heightened level of AMS mediated by OsCERK1^DY contributes to increased nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium accumulation. This enhancement in nutrient utilization promotes higher fertilizer efficiency, dry matter accumulation, and ultimately, rice yield. Consequently, the OsCERK1^DY gene emerges as a robust candidate for improving yield, reducing fertilizer usage, and facilitating a transition towards greener, lower-carbon agriculture.

满足全球人口不断增长的粮食需求，同时确保资源和环境的可持续性，对全球农业提出了重大挑战。丛枝菌根共生（AMS）通过增加植物根系的表面积并增强对磷、氮养分和水的吸收而成为一种潜在的解决方案。因此，长期以来有一个假设，即表现出更高效 AMS 的水稻品种可以以更低的投入成本获得更高的产量，从而为绿色超级稻 (GSR) 的发展铺平道路。我们之前的研究发现了一个源自东乡野生型水稻的变体OsCERK1 ^{DY ，它显着提高了水稻品种“ZZ35”的 AMS 效率。}该变体是提高水稻育种产量和养分利用效率的有前途的基因。在本研究中，我们对水稻品种“ZZ35”及其染色体单片段替代系“GJDN1”在不同土壤氮水平下的生物量、作物生长特性、产量属性和养分吸收进行了比较分析。在田间，与ZZ35相比，GJDN1在其根部表现出更高的AM定植水平。值得注意的是，GJDN1 的有效穗数和结实率显着高于 ZZ35。此外，含75%氮的GJDN1的产量比使用ZZ35获得的最大产量高14.27%。在同等氮水平下，GJDN1在叶绿素（Chl）含量、干物质积累、主要营养元素积累、氮肥农艺效率（NAE）、氮肥回收效率（NRE）和氮素偏要素生产力（NPFP）方面始终优于ZZ35。OsCERK1 ^DY过表达系的性能证实了这些发现。这些结果支持一个模型，其中由OsCERK1 ^DY介导的 AMS 水平升高有助于增加氮、磷和钾的积累。养分利用率的提高促进了更高的肥料效率、干物质积累，并最终提高了水稻产量。因此，OsCERK1 ^DY基因成为提高产量、减少化肥使用和促进向绿色低碳农业转型的有力候选基因。