Neurohypophysial peptides are ancient and evolutionarily highly conserved neuropeptides that regulate many crucial physiological functions in vertebrates and invertebrates. The human neurohypophysial oxytocin/vasopressin (OT/VP) signaling system with its four receptors has become an attractive drug target for a variety of diseases, including cancer, pain, cardiovascular indications, and neurological disorders. Despite its promise, drug development faces hurdles, including signaling complexity, selectivity and off-target concerns, translational interspecies differences, and inefficient drug delivery. In this review we dive into the complexity of the OT/VP signaling system in health and disease, provide an overview of relevant pharmacological probes, and discuss the latest trends in therapeutic lead discovery and drug development.

中文翻译：

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健康和疾病中的催产素和加压素信号传导

神经垂体肽是古老且进化上高度保守的神经肽，调节脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的许多关键生理功能。人类神经垂体催产素/加压素 (OT/VP) 信号系统及其四种受体已成为多种疾病的有吸引力的药物靶标，包括癌症、疼痛、心血管适应症和神经系统疾病。尽管前景广阔，但药物开发仍面临障碍，包括信号复杂性、选择性和脱靶问题、物种间转化差异以及药物输送效率低下。在这篇综述中，我们深入探讨了健康和疾病中 OT/VP 信号系统的复杂性，概述了相关药理学探针，并讨论了治疗先导化合物发现和药物开发的最新趋势。