Sea-ice conditions during a crude oil spill govern oil behaviour and the rate of weathering processes. This study utilized data from past mesocosm experiments conducted at the Sea-ice Environmental Research Facility and compared the sea-ice temperature, salinity, and chemical composition of light crude oil under three sea-ice conditions. An oil spill under discontinuous pack ice showed a decrease in ice thickness with an increase in oil concentration, as well as the highest photooxidation of organosulfur compounds amongst all experiments. An oil spill under a continuous ice volume demonstrated a decrease of sea-ice bulk salinity with an increase in crude oil concentration. Also, oil exhibited the lowest evaporation, along with the highest dissolution and carbonylation rates. An oil spill before ice formation demonstrated the reduction of sea-ice thickness and bulk salinity in contaminated ice. The oil in this case exhibited the highest evaporation and photooxidation rates. Tested oil-in-ice scenarios produced quantitative differences in sea-ice properties and crude oil composition.

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海冰条件对原油泄漏行为的影响

原油泄漏期间的海冰状况决定着石油的行为和风化过程的速率。这项研究利用了过去在海冰环境研究设施进行的中生态实验的数据，并比较了三种海冰条件下的海冰温度、盐度和轻质原油的化学成分。不连续浮冰下的石油泄漏表明，随着石油浓度的增加，冰厚度减少，并且在所有实验中有机硫化合物的光氧化作用最高。连续冰体积下的漏油表明，随着原油浓度的增加，海冰整体盐度降低。此外，油的蒸发率最低，溶解率和羰基化率最高。冰形成之前的一次石油泄漏表明海冰厚度和受污染冰中的大量盐度降低。在这种情况下，油表现出最高的蒸发率和光氧化率。测试的冰包油情景在海冰性质和原油成分方面产生了定量差异。