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Acetic acid additive in NaNO3 aqueous electrolyte for long-lifespan Mg-air batteries
Journal of Magnesium and Alloys ( IF 17.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jma.2024.02.003
Yaqing Zhou , Fan Sun , Gunahua Lin , Sandrine Zanna , Antoine Seyeux , Philippe Marcus , Jolanta Światowska

Mg-air batteries have attracted tremendous attention as a potential next-generation power source for portable electronics and e-transportation due to their remarkable high theoretical volumetric energy density, environmental sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. However, the fast hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in NaCl-based aqueous electrolytes impairs the performance of Mg-air batteries and leads to poor specific capacity, low energy density, and low utilization. Thus, the conventionally used NaCl solute was proposed to be replaced by NaNO and acetic acid additive as a corrosion inhibitor, therefore an electrolyte engineering for long-life time Mg-air batteries is reported. The resulting Mg-air batteries based on this optimized electrolyte demonstrate an improved discharge voltage reaching ∼1.8 V for initial 5 h at a current density of 0.5 mA/cm and significantly prolonged cells’ operational lifetime to over 360 h, in contrast to only ∼17 h observed in NaCl electrolyte. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry were employed to analyse the composition of surface film and scanning electron microscopy combined with transmission electron microscopy to clarify the morphology changes of the surface layer as a function of acetic acid addition. The thorough studies of chemical composition and morphology of corrosion products have allowed us to elucidate the working mechanism of Mg anode in this optimized electrolyte for Mg-air batteries.

中文翻译:

用于长寿命镁空气电池的NaNO3水电解质中的乙酸添加剂

镁空气电池由于其极高的理论体积能量密度、环境可持续性和成本效益,作为便携式电子产品和电动交通的潜在下一代电源而引起了极大的关注。然而,氯化钠水电解质中快速的析氢反应(HER)会损害镁空气电池的性能,导致比容量差、能量密度低和利用率低。因此,提出用NaNO和乙酸添加剂代替传统使用的NaCl溶质作为缓蚀剂,从而报道了长寿命镁空气电池的电解质工程。基于这种优化电解质的镁空气电池表现出改进的放电电压,在 0.5 mA/cm 的电流密度下,最初 5 小时达到~1.8 V,并显着将电池的工作寿命延长至 360 小时以上,而与仅~在 NaCl 电解质中观察 17 小时。采用X射线光电子能谱和飞行时间二次离子质谱分析表面膜的成分,并结合扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜来阐明表面层的形貌随乙酸添加量的变化。对腐蚀产物化学成分和形貌的深入研究使我们能够阐明镁空气电池优化电解质中镁负极的工作机制。
更新日期:2024-02-28
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