Platelets play an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Mean platelet volume (MPV) is considered as biological marker of platelets activity and function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate MPV values and its possible correlation with arterial stiffness and subclinical myocardial damage, in normal glucose tolerance patients (NGT), in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients and in individuals with pre-diabetes. We enrolled 400 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. All patients underwent an Oral Glucose Tolerance test (OGTT). Arterial stiffness (AS) was evaluated with the measurement of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation pressure (AP) and augmentation index (AI). Echocardiographic recordings were performed using an E-95 Pro ultrasound system. Among groups there was an increase in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (p < 0.0001), fasting plasma insulin (FPI) (p < 0.0001), high sensitivity c reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels (p < 0.0001) and a decrease in renal function as demonstrated by e-GFR values (p < 0.0001). From the NGT group to the T2DM group there was a rise in MPV value (p < 0.0001). Moreover, in the evaluation of arterial stiffness and subclinical myocardial damage, MPV showed a positive correlation with these parameters. In the present study we highlighted that MPV is significantly increased, not only in newly diagnosed T2DM patients, but also in early stage of diabetes, indicating that subjects with pre-diabetes present increased platelets reactivity. Moreover, our results suggest that MPV is associated with increased arterial stiffness and subclinical myocardial damage, indicating MPV as new marker of CV risk.

中文翻译：

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平均血小板体积（MPV）作为不同血糖稳态患者糖尿病大血管并发症的新标志物

血小板在心血管疾病（CVD）的发展中发挥着重要作用。平均血小板体积（MPV）被认为是血小板活性和功能的生物标志物。本研究的目的是评估正常糖耐量患者 (NGT)、新诊断的 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者和糖尿病前期个体的 MPV 值及其与动脉僵硬度和亚临床心肌损伤的可能相关性。我们招募了 400 名新诊断的高血压患者。所有患者均接受了口服葡萄糖耐量测试（OGTT）。通过测量颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度（PWV）、增强压（AP）和增强指数（AI）来评估动脉僵硬度（AS）。使用 E-95 Pro 超声系统进行超声心动图记录。各组之间的空腹血糖 (FPG) (p < 0.0001)、空腹血浆胰岛素 (FPI) (p < 0.0001)、超敏 C 反应蛋白 (hs-CRP) 水平 (p < 0.0001) 有所增加，而e-GFR 值显示肾功能的变化 (p < 0.0001)。从 NGT 组到 T2DM 组，MPV 值有所上升 (p < 0.0001)。而且，在评估动脉僵硬度和亚临床心肌损伤时，MPV与这些参数呈正相关。在本研究中，我们强调，不仅在新诊断​​的 T2DM 患者中，而且在糖尿病早期阶段，MPV 均显着升高，表明糖尿病前期受试者的血小板反应性增加。此外，我们的结果表明 MPV 与动脉僵硬度增加和亚临床心肌损伤相关，表明 MPV 是心血管风险的新标志。