Before lambing and up to 8 wk during lactation, ewes experience a temporary loss of immunity to gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN). This can result in a periparturient increase in fecal egg counts (FEC) along with clinical symptoms of parasitism. This increase in FEC can lead to greater larval numbers on pasture, consequently exposing lambs to a greater level of infection that can impair production. Adequate supplementation during late gestation and lactation has been shown to reduce the impact of this temporary loss in immunity and decrease GIN infection levels in ewes. This study evaluated the supplementation of an agro-byproduct (soy hull) on GIN infection parameters in hair sheep ewes. Pregnant ewes (n = 36) were allocated, balanced by breed, parity and fetal numbers to either corn/soybean (CS) or soy hull (SH) supplementation during the last trimester of pregnancy. Ewes rotationally grazed predominantly fescue pastures subdivided into 6 sections (0.13 ha) using electro-netting (3 sections of 6 ewes/supplement type). Ewes were supplemented at either 0.75% BW (late gestation) or 1.5% BW (lactation) using a single feeder per section. Ewes lambed on pasture and lambs were weaned at approximately 63 d. Lambs had access to the supplement provided to their dams. Blood and fecal samples were collected in prepartum, postpartum and at weaning for determination of packed cell volume (PCV) and FEC. Pooled treatment group feces were also collected and cultured to determine GIN genera. Body condition scores (BCS) were also recorded at each sampling. Data were analyzed in a model with supplement type and breed as the main effects and FEC were log transformed before analysis. There was a mixed population of GIN throughout the study with H. contortus (49.5%) and Tricostrongylus spp. (46.6%) being the most common. Supplement type had no effect on ewe BCS prepartum, postpartum or at weaning (averaging 2.6 ± 0.1, 2.3 ± 0.1 and 2.0 ± 0.1, respectively). Supplement type influenced PCV at weaning only, with ewes supplemented with CS having a greater (P < 0.03) PCV than those supplemented with SH (33.0 ± 0.7% and 30.8 ± 0.7%, respectively). PCV was similar between treatments prepartum (38.4 ± 1.3%) and postpartum (34.4 ± 0.9%). Ewe FEC was similar between CS and SH supplemented ewes prepartum (271.6 ± 0.5 epg) and at weaning (298.5 ± 80.5 epg); however, at postpartum sampling CS ewes tended (P = 0.09) to have reduced FEC (234.1 ± 62.0 epg) compared with SH (414.1 ± 59.6 epg) supplemented ewes. At weaning, lamb FEC was not influenced by supplementation or breed and averaged 502.3 ± 83.2 epg. Data indicate that substituting SH for a more traditional corn-based supplement in landrace hair sheep ewes managed in a pasture-based system had no influence on GIN infection. Agro-byproduct supplementation should be explored further for their use in sustainable, forage-based sheep production systems.

中文翻译：

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117 妊娠晚期和哺乳期补充大豆皮对毛羊母羊寄生虫指标的影响

产羔前和哺乳期 8 周内，母羊会暂时丧失对胃肠道线虫 (GIN) 的免疫力。这可能导致围产期粪便卵数 (FEC) 增加以及寄生虫的临床症状。FEC 的增加可能会导致牧场上幼虫数量增加，从而使羔羊面临更大程度的感染，从而损害产量。妊娠晚期和哺乳期充足的补充已被证明可以减少这种暂时性免疫力丧失的影响，并降低母羊的 GIN 感染水平。本研究评估了补充农业副产品（大豆壳）对毛羊母羊 GIN 感染参数的影响。怀孕母羊 (n = 36) 在怀孕最后三个月根据品种、胎次和胎儿数量进行平衡分配，补充玉米/大豆 (CS) 或大豆壳 (SH)。母羊轮流放牧以羊茅为主的牧场，使用电子网将牧场细分为 6 个部分（0.13 公顷）（3 个部分 6 只母羊/补充型）。每个部分使用单个饲喂器以 0.75% BW（妊娠晚期）或 1.5% BW（哺乳期）补充母羊。母羊在牧场产羔，羔羊在大约 63 天时断奶。羔羊可以获得向母羊提供的补充品。在产前、产后和断奶时收集血液和粪便样本，用于测定细胞堆积体积 (PCV) 和 FEC。还收集并培养汇集的治疗组粪便以确定 GIN 属。每次采样时还记录了身体状况评分（BCS）。数据在以补充剂类型和品种为主效应的模型中进行分析，并在分析前对FEC进行对数转换。在整个研究中，GIN 与 H. contortus (49.5%) 和 Tricostrongylus spp 混合存在。(46.6%) 最常见。补充剂类型对母羊产前、产后或断奶时的 BCS 没有影响（平均分别为 2.6 ± 0.1、2.3 ± 0.1 和 2.0 ± 0.1）。补充剂类型仅影响断奶时的 PCV，补充 CS 的母羊比补充 SH 的母羊具有更高的 PCV (P < 0.03)（分别为 33.0 ± 0.7% 和 30.8 ± 0.7%）。产前 (38.4 ± 1.3%) 和产后 (34.4 ± 0.9%) 治疗之间的 PCV 相似。补充 CS 和 SH 的母羊产前 (271.6 ± 0.5 epg) 和断奶时 (298.5 ± 80.5 epg) 的母羊 FEC 相似；然而，在产后取样时，与补充 SH (414.1 ± 59.6 epg) 的母羊相比，CS 母羊的 FEC (234.1 ± 62.0 epg) 往往会减少 (P = 0.09)。断奶时，羔羊 FEC 不受补充剂或品种的影响，平均为 502.3 ± 83.2 epg。数据表明，在以牧场为基础的系统中管理的地方品种有毛绵羊母羊中，用 SH 替代更传统的玉米补充剂对 GIN 感染没有影响。应进一步探索农副产品补充剂在可持续、以饲料为基础的绵羊生产系统中的应用。