Hematopoiesis represents a meticulously regulated and dynamic biological process. Genetic aberrations affecting blood cells, induced by various factors, frequently give rise to hematological tumors. These instances are often accompanied by a multitude of abnormal post-transcriptional regulatory events, including RNA alternative splicing, RNA localization, RNA degradation, and storage. Notably, post-transcriptional regulation plays a pivotal role in preserving hematopoietic homeostasis. The DEAD-Box RNA helicase genes emerge as crucial post-transcriptional regulatory factors, intricately involved in sustaining normal hematopoiesis through diverse mechanisms such as RNA alternative splicing, RNA modification, and ribosome assembly. This review consolidates the existing knowledge on the role of DEAD-box RNA helicases in regulating normal hematopoiesis and underscores the pathogenicity of mutant DEAD-Box RNA helicases in malignant hematopoiesis. Emphasis is placed on elucidating both the positive and negative contributions of DEAD-box RNA helicases within the hematopoietic system.

中文翻译：

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DEAD-Box RNA 解旋酶在造血系统恶性肿瘤中的转录后调控

造血代表了一个精心调节的动态生物过程。由各种因素引起的影响血细胞的遗传畸变经常引起血液肿瘤。这些情况通常伴随着大量异常的转录后调控事件，包括RNA选择性剪接、RNA定位、RNA降解和储存。值得注意的是，转录后调控在维持造血稳态方面发挥着关键作用。DEAD-Box RNA解旋酶基因作为关键的转录后调节因子出现，通过RNA选择性剪接、RNA修饰和核糖体组装等多种机制复杂地参与维持正常造血作用。本综述巩固了关于 DEAD-box RNA 解旋酶在调节正常造血作用中作用的现有知识，并强调了突变型 DEAD-Box RNA 解旋酶在恶性造血中的致病性。重点是阐明 DEAD-box RNA 解旋酶在造血系统中的积极和消极贡献。