Brain tissue is highly enriched in lipids, the majority of which are glycerophospholipids. Glycerophospholipids are the major constituents of cellular membranes and play an important role in maintaining integrity and function of cellular and subcellular structures. Any changes in glycerophospholipid homeostasis can adversely affect brain functions. Traumatic brain injury (TBI), an acquired injury caused by the impact of external forces to the brain, triggers activation of secondary biochemical events that include perturbation of lipid homeostasis. Several studies have demonstrated glycerophospholipid dysregulation in the brain and circulation after TBI. This includes spatial and temporal changes in abundance and distribution of glycerophospholipids in the injured brain. This is at least in part mediated by TBI-induced oxidative stress and by activation of lipid metabolism pathways involved in tissue repairing. In this review, we discuss current advances in understanding of the mechanisms and implications of glycerophospholipid dysregulation following TBI.

中文翻译：

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脑外伤后甘油磷脂失调

脑组织富含脂质，其中大部分是甘油磷脂。甘油磷脂是细胞膜的主要成分，在维持细胞和亚细胞结构的完整性和功能方面发挥着重要作用。甘油磷脂稳态的任何变化都会对大脑功能产生不利影响。创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 是一种由外力影响大脑引起的后天性损伤，会触发继发性生化事件的激活，包括脂质稳态的扰动。多项研究表明，TBI 后大脑和循环中的甘油磷脂失调。这包括受伤大脑中甘油磷脂丰度和分布的空间和时间变化。这至少部分是由 TBI 诱导的氧化应激和组织修复中涉及的脂质代谢途径的激活介导的。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了目前在理解 TBI 后甘油磷脂失调的机制和影响方面取得的进展。