Liver fibrosis is an irreversible liver destruction. Apigenin (API) has different pharmacological properties as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant; however, API hepatoprotective and therapeutic effects are not often studied. This study assesses protective and therapeutic API effects on hepatic injuries produced by thioacetamide (TAA) in rats. Forty-nine rats were sorted into seven groups (7 in each): negative control (G1), positive control (G2, TAA), API group (G3), TAA+API group (G4), TAA+SL group (G5), API+TAA group (G6), and SL+TAA group (G7). API and SL effects on TAA-induced hepatotoxicity were examined by determined body weights, liver weights, complete blood count picture (white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets counts), liver function tests (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, total proteins, albumin, and globulin), and oxidative stress markers (malonaldehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione) in serum and liver histological was assessed. TAA decreased red blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin content, and hematocrit (p <0.001) and increased white blood cells count (p <0.001) versus control. Serum values of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and malondialdehyde significantly elevated (p <0.001); meanwhile, total protein, albumin, globulin, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione S transferase decline (p <0.001) versus negative control. Hepatic structure of TAA group revealed fibrosis and hepatocyte destruction. Therapeutic or protective treating TAA-rats with API or SL ameliorate hematological values, liver functions, oxidative stress, and histological alterations especially therapeutic effects on hematological changes, liver function tests, and oxidative stress markers. Apigenin had therapeutic and protective effects on liver fibrosis due to its antioxidant activity with therapeutic better than protective effects.

中文翻译：

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芹菜素对硫代乙酰胺诱导的雄性大鼠肝毒性的保护和治疗作用：生理和形态学研究

肝纤维化是一种不可逆的肝脏破坏。芹菜素（API）具有抗癌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种药理特性；然而，API 的保肝和治疗作用并未得到经常研究。本研究评估 API 对硫代乙酰胺 (TAA) 引起的大鼠肝损伤的保护和治疗作用。49只大鼠分为七组（每组7只）：阴性对照（G1）、阳性对照（G2、TAA）、API组（G3）、TAA+API组（G4）、TAA+SL组（G5） 、API+TAA 组（G6）和 SL+TAA 组（G7）。通过测定体重、肝脏重量、全血细胞计数图（白细胞、红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞比容和血小板计数）、肝功能测试（丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶）来检查 API 和 SL 对 TAA 诱导的肝毒性的影响评估血清和肝脏组织学中的乳酸脱氢酶、γ谷氨酰转移酶、碱性磷酸酶、总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白）和氧化应激标记物（丙二醛、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和还原型谷胱甘肽）。与对照相比，TAA 降低了红细胞、血小板、血红蛋白含量和血细胞比容 (p <0.001)，并增加了白细胞计数 (p <0.001)。丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶、γ谷氨酰转移酶、碱性磷酸酶和丙二醛的血清值显着升高（p <0.001）；同时，与阴性对照相比，总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽 S 转移酶下降 (p <0.001)。TAA组的肝脏结构显示纤维化和肝细胞破坏。用 API 或 SL 治疗性或保护性治疗 TAA 大鼠可改善血液学值、肝功能、氧化应激和组织学改变，尤其是对血液学变化、肝功能测试和氧化应激标记物的治疗作用。芹菜素因其抗氧化活性而对肝纤维化具有治疗和保护作用，且治疗作用优于保护作用。