Pakistan has a significant occurrence of both consanguineous marriages and intimate partner violence (IPV), which may be interlinked. The practice of consanguineous marriages could potentially influence women to rationalize and accept instances of IPV. Such attitudes perpetuate a culture of violence against women, creating difficulties for victims to reject or escape from it. Pakistan has high prevalence rate of consanguineous marriages and IPV. However, no research has been done to explain the difference in acceptance of IPV between women in consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriages. This study used Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey data and applied association tests, logistic regression, and the Fairlie decomposition analysis. The Fairlie decomposition helps us identify the relative contribution of different socioeconomic factors in the inequalities in IPV between the two types of marriages. Five dimensions of wife-beating justification are used as outcome variables. Age, education, and empowerment of women, husband education, woman witness parental violence, region, place of residence, and household wealth status are used as independent variables. The logistic regression results indicated that women in consanguineous marriages of younger age and who witnessed parental violence are more likely to justify wife-beating than those who belong to wealthy households and enjoy more empowerment. Compared to the Punjab province, women residing in Sindh and Baluchistan are less likely and in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province are more likely to justify wife-beating. The Fairlie decomposition analysis shows that household wealth status, woman education, and empowerment are the main contributors in explaining the gap between the wife-beating justification of the two groups. The IPV gap can be reduced up to 77% if the distribution of women in different wealth quantiles of the consanguineous marriage group is identical to the non-consanguineous marriage group. Furthermore, woman education level is the second highest contributor. Consanguineous marriages are a prevalent cultural practice in Pakistan and are associated with several negative health and social outcomes. Addressing this issue requires a sustained and comprehensive effort by the government, civil society, and international partners, with a particular focus on women from poor households with less education.

中文翻译：

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巴基斯坦的近亲婚姻和对殴打妻子合理性的看法：费尔利分解分析的应用

巴基斯坦的近亲婚姻和亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）现象非常普遍，而且两者之间可能是相互关联的。近亲结婚的做法可能会影响妇女合理化并接受 IPV 的情况。这种态度使暴力侵害妇女的文化长期存在，使受害者难以拒绝或逃避这种文化。巴基斯坦的近亲结婚和IPV流行率很高。然而，目前还没有研究来解释近亲结婚和非近亲结婚女性对 IPV 接受程度的差异。本研究使用巴基斯坦人口和健康调查数据并应用关联检验、逻辑回归和费尔利分解分析。费尔利分解有助于我们确定不同社会经济因素对两种类型婚姻之间 IPV 不平等的相对贡献。殴打妻子理由的五个维度被用作结果变量。年龄、教育和妇女赋权、丈夫教育、妇女目睹父母暴力、地区、居住地和家庭财富状况被用作自变量。逻辑回归结果表明，近亲结婚、年龄较小且目睹过父母暴力的女性比那些来自富裕家庭并享有更多赋权的女性更有可能为殴打妻子辩护。与旁遮普省相比，居住在信德省和俾路支省的妇女较少有可能殴打妻子，而开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省的妇女更有可能为殴打妻子辩护。费尔利分解分析表明，家庭财富状况、妇女教育和赋权是解释两个群体殴打妻子理由之间差异的主要因素。如果近亲结婚群体中不同财富分位数的女性分布与非近亲结婚群体相同，IPV差距最多可以缩小77%。此外，女性教育水平是第二大贡献者。近亲结婚在巴基斯坦是一种普遍的文化习俗，与一些负面的健康和社会后果有关。解决这一问题需要政府、民间社会和国际合作伙伴持续、全面的努力，特别关注教育程度较低的贫困家庭的妇女。