The Mumbai metropolitan region has undergone rapid urbanization and economic expansion in recent years. Ensuring the sustainability of artisanal fishers' livelihoods and safeguarding coastal ecosystems poses a significant challenge to the city's overall sustainability. This study examines the ecological structure to ascertain how anthropogenic stressors affect ecological functioning of Mumbai coastal waters (MCW). Ecopath with Ecosim (version 6.6.8) was employed to construct a mass-balanced trophic model for the MCW. This model delineated 20 distinct groups, including seven types of Teleost fishes, eight Invertebrate groups, Elasmobranchs (cartilaginous fish), Birds, Zooplankton, Phytoplankton, and Detritus. At trophic hierarchy's base were detritus and primary producers (trophic level = 1), while highest trophic level was occupied by Elasmobranchs (trophic level = 4.40). Energy transfer efficiency within the ecosystem varied significantly across different categories. Ecotrophic efficiency ranged from 0.062 for detritus to 0.997 for filter feeders, with consumer groups often surpassing 0.80. Both primary producers and detritus exhibited average transfer efficiencies of 31.76% and 33.56%, respectively. A combination of indicators collectively indicated that the MCW ecosystem was in an early and immature stage of development. These indicators encompassed net system production (2735.077 t kmy), ratio of total primary production to total biomass (26.88), ratio of total biomass to total system throughput (0.013), recycling index (Finn's cycling index = 1.23%), the system's omnivory index (0.47), and the connectance index (0.342%). Moreover, the ascendancy (36.06%) and overhead (67.94%) results indicated the ecosystem's stability and resilience against disturbances. Total eco-exergy was calculated at 45645.1 g m, with a specific eco-exergy of 100.3 g m. These indices offer valuable insights into the energy and structure of the ecosystem. This study emphasizes the need for diverse ecological and fishery regulations. Additionally, it stresses the importance of fostering conversations around strategic conservation planning and building the capacity to execute these plans effectively.

中文翻译：

---

描绘生态系统结构和营养组织，以评估孟买大城市附近热带沿海地区的健康状况

近年来，孟买大都市区经历了快速的城市化和经济扩张。确保手工渔民生计的可持续性和保护沿海生态系统对城市的整体可持续性构成了重大挑战。本研究考察了生态结构，以确定人为压力源如何影响孟买沿海水域（MCW）的生态功能。Ecopath 与 Ecosim（版本 6.6.8）被用来构建 MCW 的质量平衡营养模型。该模型描绘了 20 个不同的类群，包括七种硬骨鱼类、八种无脊椎动物类群、软骨鱼、鸟类、浮游动物、浮游植物和碎屑。营养级的底层是碎屑和初级生产者（营养级= 1），而最高营养级是软骨鱼（营养级= 4.40）。生态系统内的能量转移效率在不同类别之间存在显着差异。生态营养效率从碎屑的 0.062 到滤食动物的 0.997 不等，消费者群体通常超过 0.80。初级生产者和碎屑的平均转移效率分别为 31.76% 和 33.56%。多项指标综合表明，MCW 生态系统正处于发展的早期和不成熟阶段。这些指标包括系统净产量（2735.077 t kmy）、总初级产量与总生物量的比率（26.88）、总生物量与总系统吞吐量的比率（0.013）、回收指数（芬恩循环指数 = 1.23%）、系统的杂食性指数（0.47）和关联指数（0.342%）。此外，优势度（36.06%）和开销（67.94%）结果表明生态系统的稳定性和抵御干扰的能力。总生态火用经计算为 45645.1 克/平方米，具体生态火用为 100.3 克/平方米。这些指数为了解生态系统的能量和结构提供了宝贵的见解。这项研究强调了多样化生态和渔业法规的必要性。此外，它还强调了促进围绕战略保护规划的对话和建设有效执行这些计划的能力的重要性。