MicroRNAs have a significant role in the function and development of the hearing system. Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a complicated disorder with no long-established reason. Since microRNAs play imperative roles in every aspect of the neural system, their dysregulation may contribute to the onset of SSNHL. The current study aimed to assess the expression patterns of microRNA processing elements (DROSHA, DICER, and DGCR-8) as the vital factors in microRNA biology that can affect the expression levels of microRNA. This study assessed DROSHA, DICER, and DGCR-8 mRNA expression levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 50 patients with SSNHL and 50 matched controls. After the isolation of PBMC, total RNA was extracted, and the expression levels of DROSHA, DICER, and DGCR-8 genes were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR. The results illustrated significant up-regulation of DICER and DGCR-8 genes in SSNHL patients at the mRNA level. Furthermore, despite no significant change in DROSHA level, DICER and DGCR-8 were significantly correlated with SSNHL. However, there was no significant correlation between these gene expressions and the clinicopathological features of patients. This study verified for the first time that the DGCR_8 and DICER mRNA expression levels were significantly up-regulated in patients with SSNHL, proposing that microRNAs and their processing pathways play key roles in the progression and development of SSNHL.

中文翻译：

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突发感音神经性耳聋患者microRNA加工元件​​表达水平评估

MicroRNA 在听力系统的功能和发育中发挥着重要作用。特发性突发感音神经性听力损失（SSNHL）是一种复杂的疾病，没有长期确定的原因。由于 microRNA 在神经系统的各个方面都发挥着重要作用，因此它们的失调可能会导致 SSNHL 的发生。本研究旨在评估 microRNA 加工元件（DROSHA、DICER 和 DGCR-8）的表达模式，作为 microRNA 生物学中可影响 microRNA 表达水平的重要因素。本研究评估了 50 名 SSNHL 患者和 50 名匹配对照者的外周血单核细胞 (PBMC) 中的 DROSHA、DICER 和 DGCR-8 mRNA 表达水平。分离PBMC后，提取总RNA，并使用实时定量PCR评估DROSHA、DICER和DGCR-8基因的表达水平。结果表明，SSNHL 患者中 DICER 和 DGCR-8 基因在 mRNA 水平上显着上调。此外，尽管 DROSHA 水平没有显着变化，但 DICER 和 DGCR-8 与 SSNHL 显着相关。然而，这些基因表达与患者的临床病理特征之间没有显着相关性。该研究首次验证了SSNHL患者中DGCR_8和DICER mRNA表达水平显着上调，提示microRNA及其加工途径在SSNHL的进展和发展中发挥着关键作用。